下面是漂亮的小编帮助大家找到的近三年四级作文真题（优秀9篇），仅供参考，希望大家能够喜欢。
个人基本资料
性 别 女 婚姻状况 未婚
身 高 158 厘米 体 重 45 公斤
求职意向描述
应聘岗位 客服/热线咨询| 文员/电脑打字员/操作员| 营业员| 小学/幼儿教育
岗位描述 幼儿园老师、话务员、营业员、客服
工作经验 0 年 期望月薪 800以上
教育背景
毕业学校 重庆文理学院 最高学历 大专
专 业 小学文科教育 电脑水平 一般
外语语种 英语 外语水平 一般
教育历程 1990年9月--1996年6月：就读于重庆綦江重钢四厂子弟小学校
1996年9月--1999年9月：就读于重庆綦江重钢四厂子弟中学校
1999年9月--XX年6月：就读于重庆大江中学（高中部）
XX年9月--XX年6月：就读于重庆文理学院一师办学点（原重庆一师）
工作简历
XX年11月在北碚龙凤桥小学见习半个月
XX年9月在重庆巴南区渔洞第四小学实习一个月
XX年3月--4月在九龙坡杨家坪小学实习
XX年5月--10月在重钢四厂幼儿园工作
个人能力及自我评价
在学校的学习已经获得了普通话过级证书，英语过级证书，书法过级证书，计算机过级证书以及教师资格证书。其中普通话达到二级甲等水平，英语过b级，书法达到七级，计算机达到初级水平。
人是要独立的，生活也是要靠自己的能力来维持的．我只希望自己能够塌实地度过人生的每一天！做任何事情都要尽自己的努力做到最好！未来的路还很长，我相信明天会迎来灿烂的阳光！
英语四级翻译真题及答案：水墨画
请将下面这段话翻译成英文：
水墨画(ink wash painting)是一种毛笔画。基本水墨画只使用深浅不一的黑色墨水。唐朝时，水墨画得到发展。人们普遍认为是王维将颜色加入到当时的水墨画中。水墨画的目标不仅仅是复制物体的外观，还要捕捉它的灵魂。要想画一匹马，水墨画家必须了解马的肌肉和骨骼，更要了解马的气质(temperament)。要想画一朵花，水墨画家并不需要完全描摹它的花瓣和颜色，重要的是传达它的活力和芳香。
参考翻译：
Ink wash painting is a type of brush ink is used for the painting of basic ones, invarious the Tang Dynasty,inkwash painting got Wei is generallycredited as the painter who applied color to existingink wash goal of ink wash painting is not simply to reproduce the appearanceof a subject,but to capture its paint a horse,the ink wash painting artist mustunderstand its temperament better than its muscles and paint a flower,there is noneed to perfectly portray its petals and color,but it is essential to convey its liveliness andfragrance.
1.基本水墨画只使用深浅不一的黑色墨水：该句可以理解为“基本水墨画只可以用黑色墨水来画，而且墨水要有不同的浓度”。
2.人们普遍认为是王维将颜色加入到当时的水墨画中：该句可译为带有定语从句的复合句，主语可定为Wang Wei,谓语则是is generally credited,即“被普遍认为”也有“人们普遍认为”的意思。
3.要想画一匹马，水墨画家必须了解马的肌肉和骨骼，更要了解马的气质：“要想画一匹马”可用to do结构来表示，即to paint a horse。“了解。更要了解…”有比较的意味，即“了解…好过了解…”，可以翻译为underetand...better than...,其中“气质”可以用temperament来表达。
4.要想画一朵花，水墨画家并不需要完全描摹它的花瓣和颜色，重要的是传达它的活力和芳香：“不需要做某事”可译为there is no need to do,为英语中常用句型，表示“没有必要做某事”。
The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.
As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.
On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long ”digests“ of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span - that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.
In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.
In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.
81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?
A. Paragraph One. B. Paragraph Two. C. Paragraph Three. D. Paragraph Four.
82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPT _____.
A. multimodal content B. environmental friendliness
C. convenience for readers D. imaginative design
83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels toward single-sentence-long novels?
A. Ironic B. Worried. C. Sarcastic. D. Doubtful.
84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and _____ to survive in the fast-changing society.
A. good judgment B. high sensitivity
C. good imagination D. the ability to focus
85. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.
B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.
C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.
D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.
TEXT B
I know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.
Spring cleaning.
I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order.
”Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?“ I say.
”Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?“ my husband answers.
But I tell my family, spring cleaning can't wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding ”Awake and be clean!“
Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.
W： Can I help you？
M： Well。 I m not 。I think so。 You see， actually， Im getting married soon。 And my friends want to buy me presents things。
W： And would you like somethings for the kitchen。
M： Yes， thats right。 I thought if I could find out things about kitchen things。 They would be the best sorts of presents。
W： Well。 I suppose the first thing you need is a cooker。 Do you like a electron one or a gas one？
M： Em。 I think I probably prefer a gas one。 But cookers are very expensive。 Arent they？ How much is this one？
W： Its one hundred and seventy five cent， including tax and delivery。 Its a very good one though。
M： But Its a lot of money。 Isnt it？What sorts of things could I ask people to buy？ You know， cheaper。
W： Well。 You need some pans。 Wont you？ A set of pans， I suppose。 and drying pans。 Do you like cooking？
M： Yes。 I suppose so。
W： Well。 In that case， you might like a mixer。 If you make cakes and things like that。 Itll save you a lot of time。 And a blender too。 Thats good if you make soup and things。
M： Em。 Thats a sort。
W： Something else you might use is a set of these knifes， you know，carving knifes， bread knifes，steak knifes， fruit knifes， potato peeling knifes。
英语四级考试真题及答案
art I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to teach English in China. Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A News Report
Directions： In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A) Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow.
B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences.
C) Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow.
D) A wandering cow was captured by the police.
2. A) It was shot to death by a police officer.
B) It found its way back to the park's zoo.
C) It became a great attraction for tourists.
D) It was sent to the animal control department.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A) It is the largest of its kind.
B) It is going to be expanded.
C) It is displaying more fossil specimens.
D) It is staring an online exhibition.
4. A) A collection of bird fossils from Australia.
B) Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits.
C) Some ancient wall paintings from Australia.
D) Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A) Pick up trash.
B) Amuse visitors.
C) Deliver messages.
D) Play with children.
6. A) They are especially intelligent.
B) They are children's favorite.
C) They are quite easy to tame.
D) They are clean and pretty.
7. A) Children may be harmed by the rooks.
B) Children may be tempted to drop litter.
C) Children may contract bird diseases.
D) Children may overfeed the rooks.
Section B Conversation
Directions： In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversations you will hear four questions. Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only once. After you hear a question. You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A) It will be produced at Harvard University.
B) It will be hosted by famous professors.
C) It will cover different areas of science.
D) It will focus on recent scientific discoveries.
9. A)It will be more futuristic.
B) It will be more systematic.
C) It will be more entertaining.
D) It will be easier to understand.
10. A) People interested in science.
B) Youngsters eager to explore.
C) Children in their early teens.
D) Students majoring in science.
11. A) Offer professional advice.
B) Provide financial support.
C) Help promote it on the Internet.
D) Make episodes for its first season.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A) Unsure.
B) Helpless.
C) Concerned.
D) Dissatisfied.
13. A) He is too concerned with being perfect.
B) He loses heart when faced with setbacks.
C) He is too ambitious in achieving goals.
D) He takes on projects beyond his ability.
14. A) Embarrassed.
B) Unconcerned.
C) Miserable.
D) Resentful.
15. A) Try to be optimistic whatever happens.
B) Compare his present with his past only.
C) Always learn from others' achievements.
D) Treat others the way he would be treated.
Section C Passage
Directions： In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) They have a stronger sense of social responsibility.
B) They are more likely to succeed in the humanities.
C) They are more likely to become engineers.
D) They have greater potential to be leaders.
17. A) Praise girls who like to speak up frequently.
B) Encourage girls to solve problems on their own.
c) Insist that boys and girls work together more.
D) Respond more positively to boys' comments.
18. A) Offer personalized teaching materials.
B) Provide a variety of optional courses.
C) Place great emphasis on test scores.
D) Pay extra attention to top students.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A) It often rains cats and dogs.
B) It seldom rains in summer time.
C) It does not rain as much as people think.
D) It is one of the most rainy cities in the US.
20. A) They drive most of the time.
B) The rain is usually very light.
C) They have got used to the rain.
D) The rain comes mostly at night.
21. A) It has a lot of places for entertainment.
B) It has never seen thunder and lighting.
C) It has fewer cloudy days than any other coastal city.
D) It has mild weather both in summer and in winter.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A) It occurs when people are doing a repetitive activity.
B) It results from exerting one's muscles continuously.
C) It happens when people engage in an uncommon activity.
D) It comes from staining one's muscles in an unusual way.
23. A) Blood flow and body heat increase in the affected area.
B) Body movements in the affected area become difficult.
C) They begin to make repairs immediately.
D) They gradually become fragmented.
24. A) About one week.
B) About two days.
C) About ten days.
D) About four weeks.
25. A) Apply muscle creams.
B) Drink plenty of water.
C) Have a hot shower.
D) Take pain-killers.
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
When travelling overseas, do you buy water in plastic bottles or take your chances with tap water? Imagine you are wandering about on a Thai island or __26__ the ruins of Angkor. It's hot so you grab a bottle of water from a local vendor. It's the safe thing to do, right? The bottle is __27__ , and the label says “pure water”。 But maybe what's inside is not so __28__ . Would you still be drinking it if you knew that more than 90 percent of all bottled water sold around the world __29__ microplastics?
That's the conclusion of a recently __30__ study, which analysed 259 bottles from 11 brands sold in nine countries, __31__ an average of 325 plastic particles per litre of water. These microplastics included a __32__ commonly known as PET and widely used in the manufacture of clothing and food and __33__ containers. The study was conducted at the State University of New York on behalf of Orb Media, a journalism organisation. About a million bottles are bought every minute, not only by thirsty tourists but also by many of the billion worldwide who live with unsafe drinking water.
Confronted with this __34__ , several bottled-water manufacturers including Nestle and Coca-Cola undertook their own studies using the same methodology. These studies showed that their water did contain microplastics, but far less than the Orb study suggested. Regardless, the World Health Organisation has launched a review into the __35__ health risks of drinking water from plastic bottles.
A) adequate
B) admiring
C) contains
D) defending
E) evidence
F) instant
G) liquid
H) modified
I) natural
J) potential
K) released
L) revealing
M) sealed
N) solves
O) substance
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Make Stuff, Fail, And Learn While You're At It
A) We've always been a hands-on, do it-yourself kind of nation. Ben Franklin, one of America's founding fathers, didn't just invent the lightning rod. His creations include glasses, innovative stoves and more.
B) Franklin, who was largely self-taught, may have been a genius, but he wasn't really an exception when it comes to American making and creativity.
C) The personal computing revolution and philosophy of disruptive innovation of Silicon Valley grew, in part, out of the creations of the Homebrew Computer Club, which was founded in a garage in Menlo Park, California, in the mid-1970s. Members-including guys named Jobs and Wozniak-started making and inventing things they couldn't buy.
D) So it's no surprise that the Maker Movement today is thriving in communities and some schools across America. Making is available to ordinary people who aren't tied to big companies, big defense labs or research universities. The maker philosophy echoes old ideas advocated by John Dewey, Montessori, and even ancient Greek philosophers, as we pointed out recently.
E) These maker spaces are often outside of classrooms, and are serving an important educational function. The Maker Movement is rediscovering learning by doing, which is Dewey's phrase from 100 years ago. We are rediscovering Dewey and Montessori and a lot of the practices that they pioneered that have been forgotten or at least put aside. A maker space is a place which can be in a school, but it doesn't look like a classroom. It can be in a library. It can be out in the community. It has tools and materials. It's a place where you get to make things based on your interest and on what you, re learning to do.
F) Ideas about learning by doing have struggled to become mainstream educationally, despite being old concepts from Dewey and Montessori, Plato and Aristotle, and in the American context, Ralph Emerson, on the value of experience and self-reliance. It's not necessarily an efficient way to learn. We learn, in a sense, by trial and error. Learning from experience is something that takes time and patience. It's very individualized. If your goal is to have standardized approaches to learning, where everybody learns the same thing at the same time in the same way, then learning by doing doesn't really fit that mold anymore. It's not the world of textbooks. It's not the world of testing.
G) Learning by doing may not be efficient, but it is effective. Project-based learning has grown in popularity with teachers and administrators. However, project-based learning is not making. Although there is a connection, there is also a distinction. The difference lies in whether the project is in a sense defined and developed by the student or whether it's assigned by a teacher. We'll all get the kids to build a small boat. We are all going to learn about X, Y, and Z. That tends to be one form of project- based learning.
H) I really believe the core idea of making is to have an idea within your head—or you just borrow it from someone—and begin to develop it, repeat it and improve it. Then, realize that idea somehow. That thing that you make is valuable to you and you can share it with others. I'm interested in how these things are expressions of that person, their ideas, and their interactions with the world.
I) In some ways, a lot of forms of making in school trivialize （使变得无足轻重） making. The thing that you make has no value to you. Once you are done demonstrating whatever concept was in the; textbook, you throw away the pipe cleaners, the straws, the cardboard tubes.
J) Making should be student-directed and student-led, otherwise it's boring. It doesn't have the motivation of the student. I'm not saying that students should not learn concepts or not learn skills. They do. But to really harness their motivation is to build upon their interest. It's to let them be in control and to drive the car.
K) Teachers should aim to build a supportive, creative environment for students to do this work. A very social environment, where they are learning from each other. When they have a problem, it isn't the teacher necessarily coming in to solve it. They are responsible for working through that problem. It might be they have to talk to other students in the class to help get an answer.
L) The teacher's role is more of a coach or observer. Sometimes, to people, it sounds like this is a diminished role for teachers. I think it's a heightened role. You're creating this environment, like a maker space. You have 20 kids doing different things. You are watching them and really it's the human behaviors you're looking at. Are they engaged? Are they developing and repeating their project? Are they stumbling （受挫）？ Do they need something that they don't have? Can you help them be aware of where they are?
M) My belief is that the goal of making is not to get every kid to be hands-on, but it enables us to be good learners. It's not the knowledge that is valuable; it's the practice of learning new things and understanding how things work. These are processes that you are developing so that you are able, over time, to tackle more interesting problems, more challenging problems-problems that require many people instead of one person, and many skills instead of one.
N) If teachers keep it form-free and student-led, it can still be tied to a curriculum and an educational plan. I think a maker space is more like a library in that there are multiple subjects and multiple things that you can learn. What seems to be missing in school is how these subjects integrate, how they fit t together in any meaningful way. Rather than saying, “This is science, over here is history,” I see schools taking this idea of projects and looking at: How do they support children in higher level learning?
O) I feel like this is a shift away from a subject matter-based curriculum to a more experiential curriculum or learning. It's still in its early stages, but I think it's shifting around not what kids learn but how they learn.
maker space is where people make things according to their personal interests.
teachers, role is enhanced in a maker space as they have to monitor and facilitate during the process.
up with an idea of one's own or improving one from others is key to the concept of making.
to structured learning, learning by doing is highly individualized.
is a nation known for the idea of making things by oneself.
will be boring unless students are able to take charge.
can be related to a project, but it is created and carried o（）ut by students themselves.
author suggests incorporating the idea of a maker space into a school curriculum.
maker concept is a modern version of some ancient philosophical ideas.
is not taken seriously in school when students are asked to make something meaningless to them based on textbooks.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have written.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
Professor Ashok Goel of Georgia Tech developed an artificially intelligent teaching assistant to help handle the enormous number of student questions in the online class, Knowledge-Based Artificial Intelligence. This online course is a core requirement of Georgia Tech's online Master of Science in Computer Science program. Professor Goel already had eight teaching assistants, but that wasn't enough to deal with the overwhelming number of daily questions from students.
Many students drop out of online courses because of the lack of teaching support. When students feel isolated or confused and reach out with questions that go unanswered, their motivation to continue begins to fade. Professor Goel decided to do something to remedy this situation and his solution was to create a virtual assistant named Jill Watson, which is based on the IBM Watson platform.
Goel and his team developed several versions of Jill Watson before releasing her to the online forums. At first, the virtual assistant wasn't too great. But Goel and his team sourced the online discussion forum to find all the 40,000 questions that had ever been asked since the class was launched. Then they began to feed Jill with the questions and answers. After some adjustments and sufficient time, Jill was able to answer the students' questions correctly 97% of the time. The virtual assistant became so advanced and realistic that the students didn't know she was a computer. The students, who were studying artificial intelligence, were interacting with the virtual assistant and couldn't tell it apart from a real human being. Goel didn't inform them about Jill's true identity until April 26. The students were actually very positive about the experience.
The goal of Professor Goel's virtual assistant next year is to take over answering 40% of all the questions posed by students on the online forum. The name Jill Watson will, of course, change to something else next semester. Professor Goel has a much rosier outlook on the future of artificial intelligence than, say, Elon Musk, Stephen Hawking, Bill Gates or Steve Wozniak.
46. What do we lear about Knowledge-Based Arificial Itelligence?
A) It is a robot that can answer students' questions.
B) It is a course designed for students to leamn online.
C) It is a high-tech device that revolutionizes teaching.
D) It is a computer program that aids student leaming.
47. What problem did Professor Goel meet with?
A) His students were unsatisfied with the assistants.
B) His course was too difficult for the students.
C) Students' questions were too many to handle.
D) Too many students dropped out of his course.
48. What do we lear about Jill Watson?
A) She turned out to be a great sucess.
B) She got along pretty well with students.
C) She was unwelcome to students at first.
D) She was released online as an experiment.
49. How did the students feel about Jill Watson?
A) They thought she was a bit too artificial.
B) They found her not as capable as expected.
C) They could not but admire her knowledge.
D) They could not tell her from a real person.
50. What does Professor Goel plan to do next with Jill Watson?
A) Launch different versions of her online.
B) Feed her with new questions and answers.
C) Assign her to answer more of students' questions.
D) Encourage students to interact with her more freely.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Thinking small, being engaging, and having a sense of humor don't hurt. Those are a few of the traits of successful science crowdfunding efforts that emerge from a recent study that examined nearly 400 campaigns. But having a large network and some promotional skills may be more crucial.
Crowdfunding, raising money for a project through online appeals, has taken off in recent years for everything from making movies to producing water-saving gadgets. Scientists have tried to tap Internet donors, too, with mixed success. Some raised more than twice their goals, but others have fallen short of reaching even modest targets.
To determine what separates science crowdfunding triumphs from failures, a team led by science communications scholar Mike Sch?fer of the University of Zurich examined the content of the webpages for 371 recent campaigns.
Four traits stood out for those that achieved their goals, the researchers report in Public Understanding of Science. For one, they use a crowdfunding platform that specializes in raising money for science, and not just any kind of project. Although sites like Kickstarter take all comers, platforms such as and only present scientific projects. For another, they present the project with a funny video because good visuals and a sense of humor improved success. Most of them engage with potential donors, since projects that answered questions from interested donors fared better. And they target a small amount of money. The projects included in the study raised $4,000 on average, with 30% receiving less than $1,000. The more money a project sought, the lower the chance it reached its goal, the researchers found.
Other factors may also significantly influence a project's success, most notably, the size of a scientist's personal and professional networks, and how much a researcher promotes a project on their own. Those two factors are by far more critical than the content on the page. Crowdfunding can be part of researchers' efforts to reach the public, and people give because “they feel a connection to the person” who is doing the fundraising—not necessarily to the science.
51. What do we learn about the scientists trying to raise money online for their projects?
A) They did not raise much due to modest targets.
B) They made use of mixed fundraising strategies.
C) Not all of them achieved their anticipated goals.
D) Most of them put movies online for the purpose.
52. What is the purpose of Mike Schafer' s research of recent crowdfunding campaigns?
A) To create atractive content for science websites.
B) To identify reasons for their different outcomes.
C) To help scientists to launch innovative projects.
D) To separate science projects from general ones.
53. What trait contributes to the success of a crowdfiunding campaign?
A) The potential benefit to future generations.
B) Its interaction with prospective donors.
C) Its originality in addressing financial issues.
D) The value of the proposed project.
54. What did the researchers think of the financial targets of crowdfunding projects?
A) They should be small to be sucessful.
B) They should be based on actual needs.
C) They should be assed with great care.
D) They should be ambitious to gain notice.
55. What motivates people to donate in a crowdfunding campaign?
A) The ease of access to the content of the webpage.
B) Their desire to contribute to the cause of science.
C) The significance and influence of the project itself.
D) Their feeling of connection to the scientists themselves.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国家庭十分重视孩子的教育。许多父母认为应该努力工作，确保孩子受到良好教育。他们不仅非常情愿为孩子的教育投资，而且花很多时间督促他们学习。多数家长希望孩子能上名牌大学。由于改革开放，越来越多的家长能送孩子到国外学习或参与国际交流项目，以拓宽其视野。通过这些努力，他们期望孩子健康成长，为国家的发展和繁荣作出贡献。
Part Ⅰ Writing
Hi Mark,
I'm so glad that you have made up your mind to teach English in China. Before you make a decision about your precise destination, let me introduce my hometown, Chongqing.
Located in southwest China, Chongqing may not enjoy worldwide fame as much as Beijing or Shanghai, but it is a thriving metropolis with lower cost of living. Working and living here, you can achieve your career goals without feeling too much stress. The locals are known for being warm and hospitable, and you can teach in a way that feels good for you. To be sure, teaching a foreign language in a city where residents speak a dialect all the time can be very challenging. It takes time indeed to correct pronunciation mistakes each student makes. But since you are always praised for your kindness and patience, it should hardly be an obstacle for you.
Anyway, I will support and help you as much as possible, whichever city you go to. I believe living and teaching in China will be a pleasant and memorable experience for you.
Best wishes,
Li Ming
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
1. D
2. D
3. B
4. C
5. A
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. C
10. A
11. B
12. D
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
17. D
18. A
19. C
20. B
21. D
22. D
23. A
24. B
25. C
Part III Reading Comprehension
26-35：BMICK LOGEJ
36-45：EICGK FBJDH
46-55：BCADC CBBAD
Part IV Translation
Chinese families attach great importance to their children's education. Many parents hold that they should work hard to ensure their children's access to good education. Not only are they perfectly willing to invest in their children's education, but they also spend much time urging them to study. Most parents expect their children to get admitted to elite universities. Owing to China s reform and opening-up, an increasing number of parents can send their children to study abroad or participate in international exchange programs to broaden their horizons. Through these efforts, they expect their children grow up strong and healthy and make a contribution to the nation's development and prosperity.
^v^Nowadays parents are too permissive withtheir children.^v^ Do you agree or disagree withthis statement?
Today,few people would defend the traditionalattitude to you recall what happened inold days,you would be astonished at the severeand strict education for children,for instance,old-fashioned spanking was common punishment a result,while the parents thusestablished their own authority,the poor children would never recover from the dreadfultraumatic experience when they grew up.
However,as you know,things often go to ' confidence in theirown authority has been greatly articles in magazines and newspapersand tv programmes publicize so much over-enthusiastic advice flying about,mum and dad just don't know what to do any the end,they do nothing.
So from early childhood,the kids are in charge and parents' lives are regulated according tothe needs of their off the little dears develop into teenagers,they take the young people are going to have a party,for example,parents are asked to leavethe presence merely spoils the else can the poor parents do butobey?
In my mind,a child certainly needs love,and a lot of the excessive pe rmissiveness ofmodern parents is surely doing more harm than spread of juvenile delinquency islargely due to parental that her little baobao can look after himself,isnot at home when he returns f rom school,so little baobao roams the dividing-linebetween permissiveness and sheer negligence is very fine indeed.
*五年前根本没有高速铁路。但是现在高铁列车(high-speed trains)的票经常很快就售罄，尽管发车间隔比较短。人们能够很方便地以两倍于美国火车最髙速的速度在全国周游。高速铁路系统的运菅非常成功，它运载的乘客是全国民航 (civil aviation)系统运载的乘客的两倍。*有世界上最先进的、低排放的快速运输系统之一，而做到这一点仅仅用了五年。
参考译文：
China didn't have a high-speed rail five years now the tickets of high-speed trains are usually sold out very quickly, even though the departure interval is quite people can conveniently travel around the nation at a speed that doubles the speed of the fastest American operation of high-speed rail system is very successful; it carries twice as many passengers as the nation's civil aviation has one of the most advanced rapid transit systems with low emissions in the world, and it only takes five years to achieve this.
词句点拨
1.但是现在高铁列车的票经常很快就售罄，尽管发车间隔比较短：“售罄”可译 为sell out，意为“卖完了，卖光了”;“发车间隔”译为departure interval。
2.人们能够很方便地以两倍于美国火车最高速的速度在全国周游：“以。的。速度”可译为at a speed...，speed意为“速度”;“两倍于”即“是。的两倍”，可译为double,也可译为twice。
3.高速铁路系统的运营非常成功，它运栽的乘客是全国民航系统运载的乘客的两倍：“运栽”可用carry来表示。“倍数+as+many/much/large等形容词+(比较的内容)+as”为英语中表达倍数时常用的结构，中间的形容词根据比较的内容来定，如比较大小则用as large as,表示“是。的两倍大”则为twice as large as。
大学英语四级作文及翻译10篇（扩展6）
——大学英语四级翻译试题考前训练3篇
I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival. I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall.
”I'll do it,“ says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home.
”You will? Wow!“ I exclaim.
Maybe after all these years, he's finally grasped the concept. Maybe he's expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he's going to Florida for a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.
No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning.
”Awake and be clean!“ I say.
86. According to the passage, ”。spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp“ means that spring cleaning _____.
A. is no longer an easy practice to understand.
B. is no longer part of modern family life.
C. requires more family members to be involved.
D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.
87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?
A. Beating the rugs. B. Cleaning the window.
C. Restoring Wi-Fi services. D. Cleaning the backyard.
88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can't wait”?
A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.
B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.
C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.
D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.
89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?
A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.
B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.
C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wa^v^lness in our bodies.
D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.
90. Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?
A. Surprised and skeptical. B. Elated and hesitant.
C. Relieved and optimistic. D. Optimistic and hesitant.
TEXT C
These days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, ”meet and look.“ Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.
But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.
But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. ”Today's young people are quite calculating,“ says Chieko Akiyama, a social commentator.
What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the ”Japanization“ of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. ”Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction,“ Mrs. Akiyama says.
Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age - in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men - they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40 % of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.
These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents; a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.
一、听力
本次大学英语四级听力部分分为两个部分：短对话和篇章听力。两部分总的难度走平和路线，较之去年，短对话部分难度没有提升，没有生僻单词的出现，它的难点基本在于语义的理解方面。
例如以下三题都是考察but这个转折词出现后，句子意思的理解问题：
1. m: i think the hostess really went out of her way to make the party a success.
w: yes. the food and drinks were great, but if only we had known a few of the other guests.
q: what did the two speakers say about the party?
这道题目的考点在于“but if only we had known a few of the other guests.” but 表示转折，暗示后面的内容与前面陈述内容相反，即，晚宴不太好的地方是对其他客人不熟悉。
3． m: how do you like the new physician who replaced doctor andrews？
w: he may not seem as agreeable or as thorough as doctor andrews, but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours
q: what can we infer from the woman’s answer?
“but at least he doesn’t keep patients waiting for hours，”又是一个语义转折的考点。从女士的回答可以看出，她认为doctor andrews比新来的医生要更适合这份工作，但是他常常让病人等很长时间。
5． w: do you have the seminar schedule with you? i’d like to find out the topic for friday.
m: i gave it to my friend, but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.
q: what does the man promise to do?
“but there should be copies available in the library. i can pick one up for you.”虽然男生已经把他的给了朋友，但是图书馆里还有，他可以帮女生带一本。
第7题是考查对比理解。
7．w: here is this week’s schedule, tony. on monday there is the board meeting. your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon. then on wednesday you have the appointment with your lawyer. and…
m: wait! you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?
q: what will the man do this tuesday?
女生说“your speech at the lion’s club is on tuesday afternoon”男生惊讶于“wait!you mean the business conference on tuesday is canceled?”即原来安排的是商务会谈，现在取消了。在听这道题目时，考生一定要注意wait 这个词，表示事实情况与原来的安排可能出现了差异，不能仅凭时间状语进行判断。
而篇章听力理解部分有一定的难度。三篇文章，第一篇主要介绍“kudzu”（野葛）这种植物，它来自哪里，对于人类有哪些利弊等等。
第二篇主要介绍“university”这个单词的来源，以及英国国内著名大学的发展历程。
第三篇主要介绍“heifer international”这个国际组织的由来，它给世界人民尤其是发展中国家人民的生活带来了哪些改变或者益处。
三篇文章的难点在于专业术语比较多，例如：“kudzu”，“universitas”，“heifer international”等等，但是文章对于这些术语都有详细的解释，在解释说明时，并没有什么疑难单词出现，语法也不是很复杂。所以，考生在进行听力测试时，遇到生僻的单词千万不要紧张，只要镇定自若地听完全文，在听的过程中，适当做一下笔记，回答后面的问题，并不困难。
二、阅读