英语阅读细节类:文章的五大类型与经典长难句

  细节题是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题、语义转化题)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。以下是学习啦小编为大家编辑的英语学习方法文章,仅供考生参考,欢迎大家阅读!

  分析经典长难句攻克高考英语阅读

  1.For example, adolescent boys are morelikelyto buy computer games than any

  other group, so it makes sense to make computer game adsthatappeal to this group.

  【句式翻译】例如,进入青春期的男孩子就可能比任何其他人群更愿意购买电脑游戏,因此,针对这个目标群体制作有吸引力的电脑游戏广告是有意义

  【句式分析】本句是一个含有so引导的结果状语从句的复合句,同时又含有一个than引导的比较状语从句。

  【词语点拨】1)likely adj. 可能的;常用于句型:sb/sth be likely to do= it islikely that 可能做

  Hes very likely tosend me an email tonight.

  英语阅读细节类文章的五大类型

  尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势,但细节题仍然占有较大比例,而且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查同学们对英语语言的理解能力,因此难度比往年有所增加。

  一、题型特点与命题方式

  所谓细节题,是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案,常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。)语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表达上的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,也是做好其它类型问题的基础。这类题型的题干常为:

  When / Where did the story happen?

  Which of the following statements is (not) correct?

  Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage?

  Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?

  All the statements are true except

  该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,或是其变体。所以,搜查信息在阅读中非常重要,它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。

  二、解题思路与应试技巧

  细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题,正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到,即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

  通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征:

  1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词,成为正确选项。

  2、词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,或者改变原文句子的语态,给考生制造障碍。

  3、语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化,成为正确答案。

  4、正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。

  干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题,若不仔细辨别,很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征:

  1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换,使该选项看似正确,实际上却是错误选项。

  2、把未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态,如把将来时变成现在时,把未发生的事情当成已发生的事情。

  3、无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论,而文中并未涉及。

  4、偷换概念。把原来做该事的张三换成李四,所述细节确实与原文一致,一不小心就会误选。

  5、文不对题。这类题最不容易辨别,选项中的描述与原文完全一致,确属原文中的一个细节,这时要回到题干,看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。

  下面结合最新高考试题,对细节题的不同类型加以解读。

  1、直接信息题

  对此类题型,考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词,然后以此为线索,运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节,找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍,仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别,在准确理解细节的前提下,最后确定最佳答案。

  【考例】

  (2009湖南卷,B篇)61. How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?

  A. 15 minutes. B. 30 minutes. C. 1.5 hours. D. 3 hours.

  【解析】A。直接信息题。快速查找题干中的关键词How long,charge up,iPhone,由第一段第一句Just plug RichardSolo 1800 into your iPhone once or twice a day, for fifteen minutes, and keep your iPhone charged up.可以得出答案为A。

  (2009陕西卷,B篇)46. Edmonds entered the world of politics first as ________.

  A. news secretary for a congressman

  B. a speechwriter for President Clinton

  C. news secretary in the White House

  D. a speechwriter for Secretary Donna Shalala

  【解析】A。直接信息题。快速查找题干中的关键词the world of politics,在第三段第二句话找到相关信息:He joined the world of politics as news secretary for his congressman (国会议员) from Baltimore During Bill Clintons presidency因此答案为A。

  2、间接信息题

  做这类题目时,考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理,然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别,这是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型,对考生来说有一定难度。

  【考例】

  (2009山东卷,A篇)57. Which of the following is true of the Hatches?

  A. They had their children during the Great Depression.

  B. They left the family farm to live in an old house.

  C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors.

  D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs.

  【解析】C。间接信息题。第四段第一句话说Hatch夫妇是在大萧条时期出生的(Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving.),而不是他们在大萧条时期有了孩子,排除A;第三段提到他们的老房子位于他们家的农场里,B错误;第二段提到他们帮助有困难的邻居们,但未提及帮助他们找工作,D项错误。C项说Hatch夫妇把他们的钱全都赠给了他们的邻居们,符合文意。

  3、数字计算题

  数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容,此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实,有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字,它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意,然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。

  【考例】

  (2009福建卷,B篇)61. The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely to be fined up to _______.

  A.£60 B.£300 C.£900 D.£980

  【解析】D。依据文章第一段可知,这种罚款可高达900英镑(Foreign drivers will have to pay on-the-spot fines of up to£900 for breaking the traffic law to be carried out next month.),再依据第二段If they do not have enough cash or a working credit card, their vehicles will be clamped(扣留)until they pay and they will face an additional fee of£80 for getting back their vehicles.可知本题选D,即当场不能交罚款的外国司机罚款的费用是900+ 80=980英镑。

  4、排列顺序题

  这种试题要求考生根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序。做这种题时可采用首尾定位法,即最先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件,迅速缩小选择范围,从而快速选出正确答案。

  【考例】

  (2009湖北卷,D篇)64. Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project?

  A. Assessment Prototype Design Construction.

  B. Assessment Design Prototype Construction.

  C. Design Assessment Prototype Construction.

  D. Design Prototype Assessment Construction.

  【解析】D。请看文章第二段:

  Gerner manages school facilities(设施) for Clark County, Nevada, a district roughly the size of Massachusetts. By 2018, 143,000 additional students will enter the already crowded public-education system. Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them. Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing primary school prototypes(样品); they plan to construct their schools starting in 2009. The district will then assess how well the schools perform, and three winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.

  根据第二段的描述,工程的实施应按照设计提供样品评估建设的程序。其它程序都不符合标准的建筑要求。

  (2008福建卷,A篇)59. Whats the right order of the events related to Tanni?

  a. She works as a coach.

  b. She took up athletics.

  c. She won four gold medals in Barcelona.

  d. She competed in her first Paralympic Games.

  e. She achieved a victory in her first London Wheelchair Marathon.

  A. b, d, c, e, a B. a, d, b, c, e

  C. a, d, c, e, b D. b, d, a, e, c

  【解析】A。排列顺序题。本题要求判断各个事件的先后顺序。观察文章的2~6段,注意几个表示时间的词(组):1984,1988,1992,in the same year,2007,可帮助考生迅速找到答案。

  5、图表图画题

  在有图表图画的阅读理解中,有的图表图画出现在阅读理解文章中,有的出现在选项中,这些图片的出现增加了试题的直观性,同时也暗含着和文章内容相关的信息。在解答此类试题的时候,一定要把握图表图画中所暗含的信息,特别是有些事实是通过图片来叙述的,我们可以采用按图寻找正确答案的方法。

  【考例】

  (2009安徽卷,D篇)71. The chart shows that from 2005 to 2008, ________.

  A. the percentage of the Spanish families with a computer rose 35 points

  B. the percentage of the White families with a computer remained unchanged

  C. the number of the Black families with a computer was on the decrease

  D. the number of the Asian families with a computer showed the sharpest increase

  【解析】D。请看原文中的柱形图:

  由柱形图可以清楚地看出,拥有电脑的亚洲家庭的数量急剧增加,其他三项表述都与图表不符,故D项正确。

  (2007江苏卷,C篇)65. The package fee does NOT cover the cost of _______.

  【解析】A。所给的四幅图画分别代表了住宿、交通、游览和餐饮。根据文章中All Fees Included. No Hidden Cost.可知这次游览的费用都包含在Package Fee里面,没有其它暗含的费用。但是由于这是一个总共5.7小时的游览,下午乘飞机返回还不耽误吃晚饭和看日落(in time for dinner and sunset)可知是不需要住宿的,因此住宿的费用不包含在整个费用之内。

  =Its very likely thathellsend me an email tonight.

  很可能他今晚会给我发电子邮件。

  The company is likely to set up a branch in our city. =Its likely thatthe company will set up a branch in our city.

  这个公司可能要在我们的城市建立分公司。

  2) make sense 有意义;讲得通;make sense of 理解

  I cant follow these instructions -- they dontmake sense.

  我不理解这些指示--根本讲不通嘛。

  We read the sentence through, but could notmake sense ofit.

  我们我们把句子看了一遍, 但不明白它说些什么。

  3) appeal to吸引;appeal to sb. for sth/appeal to sb. to do sth 呼吁某人干某事;求助于

  Blue and red appeal to me, but I dont like gray or yellow.

  我喜欢蓝色和红色, 而不喜欢灰色或黄色。

  Jack sincerelyappealedtohis friends to support him.

  杰克真切地向朋友请求支持。

  We canappealtothe website for the information we need.

  我们可以在网上查找我们需要的信息。

  【语法点拨】本句中的than any other,意为比其他任何一个,所谈论的对象在比较的范围之内;若不在范围之内,则不用 other。如:

  China islargerthan any other countryin Asia.

  中国比亚洲任何别的国家都大。

  China islargerthan any countryin Africa.

  中国比非洲的任何国家都大。

  2.The moreexposedyoung peopleare to financial issues, and the younger they become aware of them, themore likely they are to become responsible, forward-planning adults whomanagetheir finances confidently andeffectively.

  【句式翻译】年轻人越接触经济问题,他们就能越早地了解这些问题,他们就更有可能成为有责任感的、早作打算的成年人,能够有信心地、有效地管理自己的经济问题。

  【句式分析】本句含有the+比较级,the+比较级的句式,同时又含有一个who引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词adults。

  【词语点拨】1) expose vt.揭露;使暴露;be exposed to暴露于;接触

  We mustexposethisshameful activity to the newspapers.

  我们一定要向报社揭露这一无耻行径。

  We should allow children tobeexposed tonew ideas.

  我们应当让孩子们接触新思想。

  2)manage v.应付,设法对付;管理;能解决;manage to do设法做成

  We need people who are good atmanaging.

  我们需要擅长管理的人。

  Hemanaged tosend thetourists to the airport in time.

  他设法把游客及时送到机场。

  Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water if they are notmanagedcarefully.

  如果掌控小帆船不够小心,它们在水中就容易翻。

  【语法点拨】the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越越。如:

  The morewe get together,thehappierwell be.

  我们越是多聚会, 我们越快乐。

  The longershe worked at it,the moreenthusiasticshe became.

  她越干越来劲。

  3.She found that kids praised fortrying hard did better on testes and were more likely totake ondifficult assignments than those praised for beingsmart.

  【句式翻译】她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好,更愿意承担困难的任务。

  【句式分析】本句含有一个than引导的比较状语从句。

  【词语点拨】take on 承担;呈现

  He is always ready totake onheavy responsibilities.

  他一向乐于挑重担。

  The chameleon cantake on the colourof its background.

  变色龙可呈现出与其背景相同的颜色。

  【语法点拨】当我们要对两个人或物进行比较时,就采用比较级,比较级的构成:形容词或副词的比较级+than+比较成分,意思是:更些或较。Deeds arebetter thanwords when people are inneed of help.

  当别人需要帮助时,行动胜于语言。

  In a word, practice isfarmore important thanbook knowledge.

  一句话,实践远比书本知识重要。

  4.Perhaps more importantly, the better you are atmanaging the time youdevoteto yourstudies, the more time you will have tospend onyour outside interests.

  【句式翻译】也许更重要的是,你越善于管理你的学习时间,你就会有更多的时间用在你课外的兴趣上。

  【句式分析】本句含有the+比较级,the+比较级的句式,同时含有两个非限制性定语从句,分别修饰先行词the time和the more time。

  【词语点拨】1)devote vt.献身;专心于;常接time/money/energy/life/oneself作宾语,构成短语be devoted to=devote oneself to献身于,致力于;to为介词,后面接名词、代词或者动名词。

  Lang Langdevoted a lot oftime to playingthe piano even when he was a little child. 郎朗小时候就把很多时间都用来弹钢琴。

  After her marriage, the singer couldntdevote herself totally toher music. 结婚之后这个歌手无法全力倾注于音乐。

  2)spendsome money/ time on sth=spend some money/time (in) doing sth表示花费(时间、金钱等)做某事,其中的介词in可以省略。

  Every day, most of the students in this schoolspend three hours ontheir homework. 这所学校大多数学生每天花三个小时做家庭作业。

  It is bad for children tospend a lot of time playingcomputer games. 用很多时间玩电脑游戏对孩子是有害的。

  【语法点拨】the+比较级,the+比较级,表示越越,具体用法第2句。

  5.He worked there through his school and university yearsuntil 1942, a year after he hadgaineda Masters degree at university in chemistry.

  【句式翻译】他读中学和大学的那段时间都在那里工作,一直到1942年,也就是他在大学里获得化学硕士学位后的那一年。

  【句式分析】本句含有一个after引导的时间状语从句,从句中运用了过去完成时态。

  【词语点拨】gain vt.(经过努力)获得,取得

  Wegainknowledge by practicingagain and again.

  我们从反复训练中获取知识。

  They realized that passing the exam was no longer enough togaina place at university.

  他们认识到仅仅通过这个考试,并不能确保在大学获得一席之位。

  【语法点拨】过去完成时的构成:had done,表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是过去的过去。表示过去某一时间可用by, before, after等构成的短语,也可用when, before等引导的从句或通过上下文表示。如:

  His eyes shone brightly when he finally received the gift hehad long expected.

  当她终于收到她盼望已久的礼物时,她兴奋得两眼闪光。

  By the time he was twelve, Edisonhad begunto make a living byhimself.

  12岁时,爱迪生就开始自己谋生。

  6. By the end of the century, we will have discoveredother places in our solar systemsuitablefor living and we will have discovered ways to go further into space.【句式翻译】到本世纪末,我们将会在太阳系中发现其他适合人类居住的星球,并将发现进行更远空间探索的方法。

  【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句,句中运用了将来完成时态。

  【词语点拨】suitable adj.合适的,适当的;构成短语:be suitable for适合

  They dont think this article issuitablefor publication.

  他们认为这篇文章不宜发表。

  John wanted to change over to a moresuitablejob.

  约翰想换一个更加适合的工作。

  【语法点拨】将来完成时的构成:will/shall have done,表示到将来某一时间为止已经完成的动作。常与by + 将来时间,before+将来时间和by the time 引导的表示将来时间的从句连用。如:

  Hewill have finishedwritinghis novel by the end of next year.

  到明年年底他就会写完他的小说了。

  When we get there,shell have gonetowork.

  我们到那里时她会已上班去了。

  7. In todays world, winners arecelebratedand treated as heroes, but if doping and gene-therapycontinue toaffectthe outcomes ofmajor sporting events, the word hero will have lost all meaning.

  【句式翻译】在当今世界,人们祝贺获胜者,并把他们看作英雄,但如果服用兴奋剂和基因治疗继续影响着主要体育项目的成绩的话,英雄就失去了它的全部意义。

  【句式分析】本句是由并列连词but连接的复合句,第二个分句运用了将来完成时,同时,包含有一个if引导的条件状语从句。

  【词语点拨】1) celebrate vt.庆祝

  The whole citycelebratedthe New Year with fireworks.

  全城放焰火来庆祝新年。

  2) affect vt.影响,感动

  I told him firmly that his opinion will notaffectmy decision.

  我坚定的告诉他,他的观点不会影响我的决定

  The audience present was deeplyaffectedby his speech.

  在场的听众都被他的演讲深深地打动了。

  【语法点拨】将来完成时, 具体用法第6句。

  8.One of the earliest epidemics on record happened about500-550 AD when the Roman emperor at the time wasattemptingto rebuild the Roman Empire.

  【句式翻译】历史上有记载的最早的传染病之一发生在公元500-550年,当时的罗马皇帝正在试图重建罗马帝国。

  【句式分析】本句包含一个when引导的限制性定语从句,从句中运用了过去进行时。

  【词语点拨】attempt v. n.尝试,试图

  William attempted to find the solution to the problem.

  威廉试图找到问题的解决办法

  He was nearly drowned in the attempt to swim across.

  他在试图游到对岸去时差一点被淹死。

  【语法点拨】过去进行时的构成:was/were doing,表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作。常用的时间状语有this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。如:

  What was he writing all day last Sunday?

  上周日他一整天都在写什么?

  My brother fell while hewas ridinghis bicycle and hurt himself.

  我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来受伤了。

  9. The last few years have seen environmentaldisasterson a grand scale, andexperts are predicting far worse to come.

  【句式翻译】最近的几年里,人们见证了大规模的环境灾难,专家们预测更为严重的灾难即将发生。

  【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了现在完成时。

  【词语点拨】on a grand scale大规模地,大张旗鼓地

  We should popularize scienceona grand scale.

  我们应该大规模普及科学。

  【语法点拨】现在完成时的构成:has/have done,常表示某一动作或状态发生在过去,对现在有影响,也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。常用的时间状语:for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:

  Wehave bookeda roomfor today and tomorrow.

  我们已经预订了今天和明天的房间。

  The househas been emptyfor ages.

  这幢房子已经空了相当长时间了。(现在仍空着)

  10. In the last few decades, scientists havereachedconsensusand reported that human beings are causing changes inthe Earths climate -- something previously seen asbeyondour control.

  【句式翻译】最近几十年,科学家们达成共识并报道说,人类正在引起地球的气候变化而这在以前看来是我们不能控制的。

  【句式分析】本句是复合句,含有一个that引导的宾语从句,主句中运用了现在完成时。

  【词语点拨】1) reach (a) consensus 达成共识,达成一致意见

  It is very difficult for them toreach a consensuson this issue.

  他们在这个问题上很难取得一致意见。

  2) beyond prep. 超过;越过;在较远的一边

  The delay was caused by heavy weather and wasbeyond our control.

  延迟是由恶劣天气造成的,我们无法控制。

  The beauty of the scene wasbeyond compare.

  景色之美无与伦比。

  Linda always wondered what wasbeyond the horizon.

  琳达总是纳闷着地平线的那一边是什么。

  【语法点拨】现在完成时,具体用法第10句。

  11. Treatments for jellyfish stings and snakebites havealso beendevelopedand in thelast five years there have been only three deaths from jellyfish stings andabout the same number from snakebites.

  【句式翻译】治疗水母刺伤和毒蛇咬伤方法也已经研制成功,在过去的五年里只有三人死于水母刺伤,这与被蛇咬伤致死的人数大体相同。

  【句式分析】本句是由并列连词and连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了现在完成时的被动语态。

  【词语点拨】develop v.开发,发展,研制(新产品)

  Over the last few years tourism here hasdevelopedconsiderably.

  在过去几年里,这里的旅游业获得了相当大的发展。

  The two companies have teamed up todevelopa new racing car.

  那两个公司已合作研制新型赛车。

  【语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态的结构的叠合,即:has/havebeen done,表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响或持续到现在,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。常用的时间状语:for或since引导的时间状语及before, until now, up till now,so far, up to the moment, in the last few years等。如:

  The office looks nice. Ithas just been cleaned.

  办公室看起来很干净。它刚被打扫过。

  The machinehas been repairedfor two hours.

  这台机器已修了两小时了。

  12. Adverts are not only made and paid for bybusiness, but also by individuals, organizations and associations that wish toinformor educate the public. 广告不仅【句式翻译】广告可由商家付费制作,也可以由想给公众传达某种信息或教育公众的个人、组织或协会来出资制作。

  【句式分析】本句是由并列连词not onlybut also连接的复合句,第一个分句运用了一般现在时的被动语态。

  【词语点拨】inform vt.通知,告知;构成短语:inform sb of sth通知某人某事

  I shallinform yousoonofthe date of my arrival.

  我将把我到达的日期通知你。

  I regret toinform you thatI am unable to help you.

  我遗憾地告诉你我没法帮助你。

  【语法点拨】一般现在时的被动语态的构成:is/are done。表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作,并且主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。

  A lot of foodis wastedeveryyear.

  每年浪费掉很多食物。

  Millions of tons of waste and poisonous gasesare sent intothe air with the smoke. 数百万吨的废气和毒气随着烟尘散发到空中。

  13. Margaret,marriedwith two small children, has been working for the last seven years as anight cleaner, cleaning offices in a big building.

  【句式翻译】玛格丽特,已婚,带着两个孩子,七年来一直在做清洁工,晚上给一座大楼里的办公室打扫卫生。

  【句式分析】本句是简单句,运用了现在完成进行时,包含有两个非谓语短语,marriedwith在句中作后置定语,cleaning offices作伴随状语。

  【词语点拨】marry v. (使)结婚;嫁;娶

  Because of her beauty, she has managed tomarryabove her.

  由于貌美,她得以嫁给一个地位比她高的人。

  Im sure Jack was sincere when he said he wanted tomarry you.

  我相信杰克说想娶你是真心的。

  Theygot married toeachother against their parents wishes.

  他俩的结合违背了各自父母的愿望。

  【语法点拨】现在完成进行时的构成:has/have been doing。表示一个动作从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。如:

  Youhave been sittingin front of that computer too long.

  你在电脑前坐的时间太长了。

  No wonder he is so tired. Hehas been workingall day.

  难怪他这么累,他工作一天了。

  14.Ever since they were first put on the market in theearly 1990s, genetically modified (GM 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed inmany countries in the world, mainly on thebasisof their promise to end the worldwide food crisis.

  【句式翻译】自从二十世纪九十年代早期首次投入市场以来,转基因食物就不断地在很多国家开发和销售,主要是基于想要结束世界粮食危机。

  【句式分析】本句是一个含有since引导的时间状语从句的复合句,have been developed and marketed是现在完成时的被动语态形式。

  【词语点拨】basis n. 基础;构成短语:on the basis of 以为基础

  Dont evaluate a persononthe basis ofappearance.

  不要以相貌取人。

  Mr. Smith goes to the gymona regular basis.

  史密斯先生定期去健身房。

  【语法点拨】现在完成时的被动语态,具体用法第11句。

  15.At nine oclock on Saturday morning, Ill be sitting in the front rowandlistening tothe great professorWillard talking about the future of my brain.

  【句式翻译】星期六上午九点钟,我将会坐在前排,聆听伟大的威拉德教授谈论大脑的未来发展。

  【句式分析】本句是简单句,运用了将来进行时,含有一个复合宾语的结构,talkingabout在句中作宾补。

  【词语点拨】listen vi. 听(后面常接介词to)

  Whatever you said, he simply wouldntlisten.

  你怎么说他也不听.

  Were going tolisten toareport this afternoon.

  今天下午我们要去听报告。

  【语法点拨】将来进行时的构成:will be doing,表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作,或表示要在将来某一时间开始,并继续下去的动作。常用延续性动词,常用来表示礼貌的询问、请求等。如:

  The ministerwill be givinga speech on international affairs.

  部长将就国际事务发表演讲。

  Please dont call me between 8:00 and 10:00 tomorrow. Ill be havingmy classes then.

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