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Vocabulary and Grammar (60 points)
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before
answering the questions.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices marked by letters A, B, C and D respectively. Choose the word
which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1、 Don’t be ________ by his bad manners. He is merely trying to attract your
attention.
A. incurred B. inferred
C. irritated D. intervened
Irritate /ˈɪrɪˌteɪt/激怒
Their attitude irritates me.他们的态度激怒了我。
2、 Craig assured his boss that he would call ________ all his energies in doing this new job.
A. forth B. at
C. on D. off
call forth 引起（某物）行动或存在
she called forth all her courage
3、 Too much ________ to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the body.
A. disclosure B. attachment
C. contact D. exposure
D.exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə 暴露
Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.已知接触铅会损害幼童的大脑。
4、 When confronted with such questions, my mind goes ________, and I can hardly remember my own date of birth.
A. dim B. blank
C. faint D. vain
5、 As we know, knowledge is the ________ condition for expansion of the mind.
A. incompatible B. incredible
C. indefinite D. indispensable
6、 Care should be taken to shorten the time that one is subjected ________continuous loud noise.
A. to B. with
C. in D. on
7、 Some of the most important concepts in physics ________ their success tothese mathematical systems.
A. oblige B. owe
C. contribute D. attribute
8、 As your instructor advised, you ought to spend your time on something________ researching into.
A. precious B. worth
C. worthy D. valuable
There's nothing worth reading in this newspaper.
这份报纸中没什么值得一读的。
It's worth remembering that prices go up in February.
9、 As a defense against air-pollution damage, many plants and animals ________ a substance to absorb harmful chemicals.
A. relieve B. release
C. dismiss D. discard
If something releases gas, heat, or a substance, it causes it to leave its container or the substance that it was part of and enter the surrounding atmosphere or area. 释放
。.。a weapon that releases toxic nerve gas.
…一种释放神经毒气的武器。
10、 Without the friction between their feet and the ground, people would in no________ be able to walk.
A. time B. means
C. way D. account
11、 One reason for the successes of Asian immigrants in the U.S. is that they have taken great ________ to educate their children.
A. means B. pains
C. attempts D. hardships
If you take pains to do something or go to great pains to do something, you try hard to do it, because you think it is important to do it. 下苦功
He took great pains to see that he got it right.他下了很大的功夫以确保他弄对了。
12、 I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be ________ to it.
A. connected B. fastened
C. bound D. stuck
13、 The English language contains a(n) ________ of words which are comparatively seldom used in ordinary conversation.
A. altitude B. latitude
C. multitude D. attitude
A multitude of things or people is a very large number of them. 大量
There are a multitude of small, quiet roads to cycle along.有多条可以骑自行车的僻静小路。
14、 In my opinion, you can widen the ________ of this improvement through your active participation.
A. scale B. volume
C. magnitude D. scope
15、 The news item about the fire is followed by a detailed report made on the ________.
A. spot B. site
C. location D. ground
16、 The remarkable ________ of life on the Galapagos Islands inspired Charles Darwin to establish his theory of evolution.
A. classification B. variety
C. density D. diversion
17、 The trouble is that not many students really know how to make use of their time to its best ________
A. benefit B. advantage
C. value D. profit
18、 Though the imitation jewelry can fool many people, they cannot ________ up to an expert’s close examination.
A. keep B. put
C. stand D. pay
19、 Your improper words will give ________ to doubts concerning your true intentions.
A. rise B. reason
C. suspicion D. impulse
20、 Readers ________ to happy endings may find the unvarnished view of modern motherhood a bit unsettling.
A. likened B. preferred
C. adapted D. accustomed
Reading Comprehension (30 points)
In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to answer the question or complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
Questions 61-70 are based on the following passage.
Are you interested in seeing the beautiful fall foliage of New England but tired of traffic jams and overbooked hotels? Then this year forget the crowds in New England and see the beautiful colors of autumn in the Catskills.
These rugged mountains in New York State, just 90 miles northwest of New York City, are famous for the legendary tales of Rip Van Winkle, and more recently for the summer hotels that sprang up in the region during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Families trying to escape the heat of New York City found the Catskills to be the perfect place to stay for a month or so each summer. By the late 1950s there were over 500 resorts and hotels offering nighttime entertainment as well as all kinds of outdoor activities.
Famous comedians like Jackie Gleason, Joan Rivers, and Sid Caesar all got their start touring the hotel clubs here. Since the introduction of air-conditioning and cheaper air travel, however, families have stopped coming to the Catskills in such large numbers, choosing instead more distant locations at different times of the year. Many of the Catskills hotels closed in the 1970s, but some remain and have expanded and changed their facilities to meet the needs of today’s visitors.
Currently, there are many activities available to the traveler besides witnessing the changing colors of the leaves. There is an all-organic sheep farm where visitors can see how a traditional sheep farm operates. There are also hundreds of miles of scenic drives in the area. Route 42, for instance, is an excellent site for spotting bald eagles. For more information on vacations in the Catskills, call the Office of Public Information.
61、 The author’s main purpose is to ________.
A. promote the Catskills as a vacation destination
B. introduce visitors to famous Catskills entertainers
C. describe the history of the Catskills region
D. compare the Catskills to New England
62、 The word “rugged” underlined in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. barren B. rough
C. tall D. lush
63、 According to the passage, the decline in the number of resorts in the 1970s was caused by ________.
A. television B. shorter vacations
C. affordable air travel D. more traffic
64、 The phrase “sprang up” underlined in Paragraph 2 refers to something that has ________.
A. burst forth B. spread out
C. operated vigorously D. joined together
65、 In what season would a tourist most likely have visited the Catskills in the 1950s?
A. Fall. B. Winter.
C. Spring. D. Summer.
66、 The author’s tone in this passage is ________.
A. light and encouraging B. informative and scientific
C. humorous and skeptical D. regretful and reminiscent
67、 From the passage, what might a visitor be lucky enough to do?
A. See fall leaves in color. B. See a kind of bird.
C. Work on a sheep farm. D. Drive on scenic roads.
68、 The word “drives” underlined in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A. excursions B. tracks
C. paths D. canyons
69、 The word “spotting” underlined in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. photographing B. seeing
C. painting D. shooting
70、 The author implies that in the Catskills there are few ________.
A. leaves B. eagles
C. people D. sheep
Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage.
Questions 71-80 are based on the following passage.
First, of course, it is plain that in a few years everyone will have at his elbowseveral times more mechanical energy than he has today.
Second, there will be advances in biological knowledge as far-reaching asthose that have been made in physics. We are only beginning to learn that we cancontrol our biological environment as well as our physical one. Starvation has beenprophesied twice to a growing world population: by Malthus about 1.8 billion andby Crookes about 1.9 billion. It was headed off the first time by taking agriculture toAmerica and the second time by using the new fertilizers. Soon starvation will beheaded off by the control of the diseases and the heredity of plants and animals —by shaping our own biological environment.
And third,1 come back to the haunting theme of automation. The mostcommon species in the factory today is the man who works or minds a simplemachine — the operator. Before long he will be as extinct as the hand-loom weaverand the dodo （老古董）。 The repetitive tasks of industry will be taken over by themachines, as the heavy tasks were taken over long ago; and the mental tedium willgo the way of physical we still distinguish,even amongrepetitive jobs, between the skilled and the unskilled, but in a few years to come allrepetition will be unskilled. We simply waste our time if we oppose this change.
71、 This article was written to ________.
A. warn us of impending starvation
B. present facts about life in the near future
C. oppose biological advances
D. warn of the danger of automation
72、 In the coming years, people will ________.
A. have more machines at their disposal
B. experience starvation
C. never work
D. have fewer machines at their disposal
73、 Advances in biological knowledge have ________.
A. kept pace with those in physics
B. been responsible for the invention of new machines
C. surpassed those in physics
D. lagged behind those in physics
74、 We are beginning to learn that we ________.
A. can control our physical environment
B. can never control our biological environment
C. have no control over our physical environment
D. can control both our biological and physical environments
75、 In the near future, starvation will be prevented by ________.
A. Chinese agriculture
B. use of new fertilizers
C. control of the diseases and the heredity of plants and animals
D. vitamin pills
76、 Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The mental tedium will not exist in the end.
B. Hand-loom weaver is the thing of the past.
C. Automation is an out-of-date topic today.
D. Physical burden in the factory has already been replaced.
77、 The author believes before long, machines will ________.
A. actually replace unskilled workers
B. have learned to think for us
C. be shaped like robots
D. no longer be needed
78、 The repetitive tasks of industry lead to ________.
A. physical exhaustion B. mental stimulation
C. mental exhaustion D. physical extinction
79、 If the author’s predictions are realized, the demand for unskilled workers will be ________.
A. very high B. very low
C. the same as today D. constantly rising
80、 From the passage, increased automation ________.
A. can be successfully opposed B. cannot be avoided
C. has not yet begun D. will put everyone out of work
Questions 81-90 are based on the following passage.
Of all the areas of learning the mos→←t important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people.
“The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.
The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect.
Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.
The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities)， science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom… these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions.
However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is
unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences.
To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips.
Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
81、 The central idea of the above passage is that ________.
A. attitudes affect our actions
B. teachers are important in developing or changing pupils’ attitudes
C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences
D. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes
82、 The word “despot” underlined in Paragraph 2 means a person ________.
A. who enjoys a high reputation
B. who is very successful in politics
C. with unlimited powers
D. who deposits a large sum of money in a bank
83、 The pupils’ attitudes are NOT influenced by ________.
A. their parents’ persuasion to behave properly
B. their teachers’ attitudes
C. the speeches they hear and the books they read
D. such media as social studies, science matter and classroom atmosphere
84、 It can be inferred from the passage that the pupils ________.
A. usually study a certain subject in greater details at home than at school
B. usually do not study a certain subject at home
C. study the subjects only at school
D. study a subject more deeply at school than at home
85、 The example of the pupils’ learning about Mexico shows that ________.
A. a child usually learns the right things from their teachers
B. a teacher can correct a pupil’s wrong ideas
C. a teacher’s attitude can influence a child’s attitude by teaching
D. a child’s attitude is very changeable
86、 The author implies that ________.
A. the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude
B. in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades
C. people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than emotion
D. children’s attitudes often come from those of other children
87、 A statement made or implied in the passage is that ________.
A. attitudes can be based on the learning of falsehoods
B. a child can develop in the classroom an attitude about the importance of brushing his teeth
C. attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lectures
D. the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by their teachers
88、 The passage specifically states that ________.
A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones
B. whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at home
C. teachers should always conceal their own attitudes
D. teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children
89、 From the last paragraph, we can see that ________.
A. a teacher’s influence on children is always positive
B. children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions by ignoring objective facts
C. if improperly handled, a teacher’s influence can be very harmful to the children
D. children may develop prejudices if the teacher’s attitude is wrong
90、 The author of this passage tries to ________.
A. present certain facts of how the development of a person’s attitude can be influenced
B. show that our society is not doing enough to help children shape their attitudes
C. point out that teachers are the only people who can influence the children’s attitudes
Section 1 共计25分
Part 1 共20题，每题0.5分，满分为10分
1.B 2. A 3.A 4. C 5. A 6. 7. C 8.C 9. C 10. A 11.B 12. D 13.B 14. C 15. C 16.B 17. B 18.A 19. D 20. C
Part 2 共15题，每题0.5分，满分为7.5分
21.C 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.A 28.A 29.A 30.A 31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.B
Part 3 共15题，每题0.5分，满分为7.5分
36.A 37.A 38.D 39.A 40.B 41.B 42.C 43.A 44.D 45.C 46.D 47.A 48.B 49.C 50.D
Section 2 共50题，51—90每题1分，91—100每题1.5分，满分为55分
51.D 52.C 53.B 54.A 55.B 56.D 57.C 58.A 59.B 60.C 61.B 62.C 63.D 64.C 65.A 66.D 67.C 68.B 69.C 70.C 71.B 72.A 73.D 74.B 75.D 76.C 77.C 78.B 79.C 80.C 81.B 82.B 83.A 84.B 85.A 86.B 87.A 88.D 89.D 90.B 91.B 92.A 93.C 94.B 95.B 96.D 97.D 98.D 99.B 100. D
Section 3 共20题，每题1分，满分为20分
1.necessarily 2. things 3.translation 4. translate 5.well6. source 7.word-processing 8. make9.life 10. First 11.any 12. is 13.a 14.often 15.provide 16. and 17.are 18. lack 19.the 20. knowledge
【笔译综合】
一共分为两部分。前60题都是单项选择题(题型基本与样题一致)，涉及到名词、动词、副词、形容词等词汇考点，以及各级别(基本为1~6级)的语法、外来词和惯用语等；后20题是阅读选择题，一共4篇文章，每篇文章对应5道选择题。阅读文章平均600字/篇，篇幅比TOPIK长，但选择题的难度前后不一，几乎初中高级都有。
1. 词汇语法题型大致考点：
名词：채소/야채/기타/누리꾼/네티즌/효도
动词：모이다/웃기다/배우다/보이다/전망하다
副词：고스란히/퉁명스레/일찌감치/감쪽같이/아무리/같이/제법/꽤/곧/언젠가
形容词：공교롭다/깨끗하다/이상하다/흔하다/평범하다/굵다/틀림없다/분명하다
语法：-거들랑/-느니/-(으)ㄴ들/-는 대신에/-(으)려면/-(으)ㄹ세라/-는 셈치고/-(으)니만큼/-(으)ㄹ지언정/-고도/-고서는/-거나/-(으)ㄹ락 말락
惯用语：한솥밥(을) 먹다/뚜껑을 열다
惯用表达：-기십상이다/-기마련이다/하기는했는데
俗语：가는날이장날이다/가는 말이 고와야 오는 말이 곱다/갈데까지가다
2. 阅读理解文章大致内容：
① 제빵 기업: 불황아, 고맙다!
因为疫情下经济不景气，所以人们开始注重价格低廉但健康的面包制品。由于人们开始注重健康生活，与健康相关的食品销量也大幅增长。经营健康食品(面包制品)的三家公司与其他公司相比，反而实现了惊人的盈利，与其之前的业绩相比也上升了很多。健康食品行业的新产品几乎一上新就售完，基于这个特点，该行业的相关公司也正在开发新的健康食品。
② 지구 온난화, 남극과 북극
第1段：南极土地上有米厚的冰层，如果全部融化的话，上海、纽约、伦敦等城市都会被淹没。
第2段：北极没有地，北极的动物在冰层上生活，北极的冰层融化的话，生活在冰上的海狗就不能生存，北极熊就会没有食物。
第3段：像这样不仅影响动物还影响人类，所以人类也需要想办法来解决。
第4段：全球变暖会使北极的冰川融化得更快，南极也会逐步受到影响。
③ 한국 신여성의 등장, 이화학당
1886年韩国创立了西式女校，梨花学堂，但当时招不到女学生，于是老师们去学生家里一个个拜访，让家里的女儿姐妹去上学。当时有极少数女性去上学，而且跟随流行改变发型，穿短裙高跟鞋，这样的她们被称为新女性，同时也展现了她们的特性。为了卫生和活动方便，女性开始穿短裙留短发，而男性认为女性应该留长发。但是，通过穿着得不同和活得不同，区分了“新(女性)”和“旧(女性)”。另外，短裙和高跟鞋不仅是装扮上的意义，也反映了新女性希望自由恋爱，获得与丈夫同等地位的现象，也展现了新女性追求不一样生活的愿望。
④ 서울시, 걷는 서울, 서울의 발, 서울의 숲, 서울광장
首尔作为首都，是经济政治文化的中心，虽然发展到了一定程度，也有一些发展时遗留下的问题。而政府准备打造一个人们生活质量较高，亲环境，传统与现代结合的都市。为了实现一个“步行的首尔”，政府决定改建步行道路，实施公共交通的专用路线制度。为了人们能感受到亲环境的都市，清理了清溪川，让情侣们在溪边能度过美好的夜晚，人们还能在江边钓鱼，不仅如此，政府还设立了首尔广场以及孩子们能体验的首尔森林等。
【笔译实务】
① 韩翻中，主题：미세먼지 계절 관리제
大致内容：现在的分季制度治理雾霾与以前相比有两点值得关注。第一个是减排管理层面，第二个是减少人们在雾霾天的暴露。但即使实施了这一方案，也无法在瞬间完美解决这一问题。为减轻雾霾危害，减少雾霾排放量，首尔市政府也应积极与周边的地方政府合作。
② 中翻韩，主题：民族语言文字工作
大致内容：在实现中华民族伟大复兴和构建中华民族命运共同体的宏伟事业中，促进各民族交往交流交融是必然途径。交往交流交融，贵在交心。语言互通是交往和交流的基本前提。做好语言文字工作，是中华民族实现伟大复兴的重要抓手。基础性、全局性、社会性和全民性是语言文字事业的重要特点。
CATTI三级口译机经
一、必备物品
准考证，身份证，考试安全承诺书(疫情原因，建议多备几份空白的，以防万一)，黑色墨水笔。(注意：口译不需要也不能带字典)
二、考试时间
口译综合：9:00-10:00，口译实务：10:30-11:00;中间半小时不能出去，需提前一小时到达考场。
三、具体流程
CATTI今年开始改为机考，朝/韩语考生不用经历笔试到机考的改变，直接适应机考即可。
①登录电脑：开考前需先在电脑上输入自己的准考证号和身份证号登录，登录后需确认自己的信息是否正确。
②-1测试输入法：点击右上角切换输入法按钮，选择朝鲜语，然后测试自己的输入法是否能正常使用(韩英文切换可以按右边的Alt)，如有异常可向监考老师反映。
②-2 测试耳机和麦克风：口译综合需要测试耳机的音量；口译实务则需要确认麦克风和耳机的音量。
③进入考前页面：输入法测试后进入考试规则和操作指南界面，点击我已阅读进入等待考试状态即可。
④考试开始：考试时间10分钟前，会开始加载试卷，时间一到，马上会进入试题页面。
四、注意事项
①操作指南：最好仔细阅读，主要为试题显示的方式、考生可以使用的功能以及注意点。
②草稿纸：考试时，不管是综合还是实务，都会发草稿纸(张数每个考场各异)，需要填写自己的姓名和准考证号，考试结束后监考老师会收走。
③考试期间：考试时可以点击上一题和下一题进行试题回顾。考试时，如有单词或句子暂时有疑问或需要重点提醒自己，可以点击强调显示(就像这样呈现黄底)进行标注，但在下一题返回上一题时，强调显示会消失。
④-1口译综合：听力只读一遍，语速不是很快，可以边听边做题，难度和topik五六级差不多，但需注意节奏。题目之间间隔时间较长，可在等待过程中先熟悉下一题内容。做听力填空时，最好先在草稿纸上记录，然后再进行打字答题，最好不要对着屏幕边听边输入。
④-2口译实务：在听原文时，可以在草稿纸上做一些笔记，在提示音后开始录音，录音时间充足，所以不用急着马上就开始录音，可以先大致组织一下语言，在限定时间内录音即可，声音尽量保持清晰。因为都是在一个教室进行考试，所以录音时大家的声音都能相互听到，但专注自己就好。临近考试结束时，可以回听自己的录音。
⑤考试结束：考试结束后电脑会自动跳转到交卷成功界面，如交卷失败，要和监考老师反映。
五、考点回忆
【口译综合】
每段听力都只放一遍，没有第二遍确认的机会，听力播放的时候就要认真听！
1. 听录音判断对错(对选A，错选B) (1점x10=10점) 共1篇听力文章，对应10道题
一篇关于新冠疫情期间博物馆(국립경주박물관)信息的听力文章，涉及进馆注意事项和开馆闭馆时间等。
2. 听录音选正确答案 (1점x10=10점)共10篇短文听力，对应10道题
1)《独立日记》的创刊时间？
选项：1986年，，1886年，18
2)儒教思想教育大家什么？
选项：예절, 사대주의,진취감, 구속等
3)汉拿山的海拔有多高？
4)某企业通过什么途径宣传？텔레비전 광고
3. 听录音选正确答案 (2점x15=30점)共3篇听力文章，对应15道题
1)韩国低生育率的现象、原因、影响等
2)托儿所因家长晚来接孩子而实行罚款制度，在实行之前，家长会因为晚接孩子而感到抱歉，但实行之后，迟到的家长反而变多了，因为他们觉得既然罚款了就无需感到愧疚了。
3)干冰的相关介绍、用途(干冰直接变成气体、舞台效果等)
4. 听录音填空 (1점x20=20점) 共1篇听力文章，对应20个空
大致内容：登山渐渐在韩国年轻人中开始流行起来的现象。
名词、副词、动词、外来词、数字等都有涉及，比如：더불어, 핫한, 해시태크,포즈, 계시물，야외 활동，동호회，신규，한층 等
5. 听录音用朝鲜语/韩语写一篇350字左右的摘要 (30점) 共1篇听力文章，约800字
大致内容：企业在21世纪的激烈竞争中存活下来的三个方法，历史发展中的变化与竞争导致有的国家发展有的国家灭亡，企业也是如此，想要在如今激烈的竞争中存活，要做到以下三点：培养信息化方面的人才，企业要与时俱进开拓新市场，在企业内部建立灵活的组织制度并发展技术创新。
【口译实务】
每段听力都只放一遍，没有第二遍确认的机会，听力播放的时候就要认真听！
1. 听下面对话进行韩翻中或中翻韩。听到提示音后开始翻译，提示音再次响起时停止翻译。考生可边听录音边记笔记 (20점)
以采访的形式进行与平昌、北京冬奥会相关的对话
受访者是一位韩国政治家(知事/지사)，经常向别人介绍首尔和江原道等。大致内容是由于平昌冬奥会取得了一定的成功，受到了世界的好评，其中언론서비스方面的经验最想分享给中国，为北京冬奥会能成功举行一起努力。
2. 请将下面的朝鲜语/韩语翻译成中文。听到提示音后开始翻译，提示音再次响起时停止翻译。考生可边听录音边记笔记 (40점)
东北亚地区合作会议开幕词
大致内容是会议在吉林省举办，吉林省为促进东北亚地区的交流合作作出了贡献，国家间的合作发展离不开民间交流等。
针对这类型的文章，平常可多积累一些开幕式闭幕式时使用的套话，很多都是开幕式中常用的表达，比如热烈祝贺会议的成功举办，感谢主办方和与会人员等。
3. 请将下面的中文翻译成朝鲜语/韩语。听到提示音后开始翻译，提示音再次响起时停止翻译。考生可边听录音边记笔记 (40점)
中国人的故乡情
大致内容是随着时代变化，人们不得不做出改变，不仅有人出家门还有人出国。但是，在外华人都有故乡情结，无论在外留学还是打工都会思念故乡的亲人、风土人情等。不管自己家有多么贫穷，家也是最好的。很多人到了晚年也还是想要回国，这符合中国人“落叶归根”的特点。
这是一篇类似于散文的文章，有较多成语和文学性的表达，比如：故乡难离；日出而作，日落而息；剪不断的是乡情；落叶归根；月亮是故乡明；沧海桑田，桑田沧海等等。
Section 1: Vocabulary and Grammar(25 points)
This section consists of 3 parts. Read the directions for each part before answering the questions. The time for thissection is 25 minutes.
Part 1 Vocabulary Selection
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Then blacken the corresponding letter as requiredon your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
1.Grover Cleveland was the first president __________ in the White House.
A.got married B. to get married C. has got married D. was married
2.If cauliflowers are not __________ from extreme temperatures, the heads getdiscolored.
A.protected B. shelter C. shade D. saved
3.The gas __________ from the tank is dangerous.
A.given off B. giving out C. giving away D. given up
4.When it started to snow, we turned round and __________ the hotel.
A.got by B. searched for C. made for D. cleared up
5.Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived _________ hope.
A.in B. for C. on D. through
6.Rice is the __________ food of most Southeast Asians.
A.common B. general C. staple D. popular
7.William Byrd was the owner of the largest library in colonial __________.
A.period B. time C. times D. periods
8.Exobiology is the study of life __________ other planets.
A.in B. at C. on D. to
9.The Declaration of Independence, __________ the Constitution of the UnitedStates, was drawn up with the help of Benjamin Franklin.
A.and B. also C. as well as D. so too
10.It was from the Lowell Laboratory that the ninth __________ , Pluto, wassighted in 1930.
A.planet B. constellation C. stardom D. satellite
11. The rodent, __________ the mouse, rat, guinea pig, and porcupine, are mammals with incisor-like teeth in both jaws.
A.made up B. including C. consisting D. constitute
12.___________ into oceans and rivers is a serious form of pollution.
A.Pouring sewage B. Emptying litter C. Throwing garbage D. Dumping sewage
13. Products which are made from dirts and are __________ high temperatures are known as ceramics.
A.tempered in B. subjected to C. exposed to D. baked in
14.A pigment called melanin protects the ________ layers of skin from sun rays.
A.under B. below C. underlying D. underneath
are a __________source of vitamin C.
A.well B. better C. good D. very
16. Even after having their grandchildren live with them for ten years, the couple felt that __________ children these days was the most difficult of all familymatters. A. rising B. raising C. caring D. taking care
17. The most important __________ of the farmers in Iraq is dates, of which Iraq is the worlds leading exporter.
A.economic crop B. cash crop C. money crop D. staple
18. More has been learned about the Moon than any other of the Earth’s neighbors in space because of the Apollo program, which enabled men to walk on the Moon andbring back hundreds of pounds of __________.
A.rocks B. rock C. stone D. stones
19. __________ the variety that the average family has in beaf, fish, poultry, and vegetarian recipes, they findmost meals unexciting.
A.In spite B. Inspite C. Despite of D. Despite
20. The speaker __________ have criticized the paraprofessionals, knowing full well that they were seated in the audience.
A.should not to B. must not C. ought not to D. may not
Part 2 Vocabulary Replacement
This part consists of 15 sentences in which one word or phrase is underlined. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectivelymarked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the underlined part without causing any grammatical error or changing the basic meaning of the sentence. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
21. Iceland has the oldest parliament, which goes as far back to 930 A.D. when Althing, the legislative organization, was established.
A.office B. adobe C. assembly D. building
22. The only problem with the debate last week was that the beginning sounded more like a personal attack than a dispassionate, intellectual arguing.
A.discussion B. argument C. talk D. speech
23. Susan Jones was at the bus stop well on time to take the 7:01 bus, but she had to miss her breakfast to do it.
A.catch up with B. catch C. run up to D. be catching
24.Since her father could not drive her to the airport, she requested her uncle todrive her instead. A. take B. bring C. dispatch D. deliver
25. A famous collection of Persian, Indian, and Arabian folktales, the Arabian Nights was supposedly told by the legendary queen Scheherazade to her husband everynight for 1,001 days.
A.imaginary B imagery C. fabled D. legend
26.What may be the oldest fossil footprint yet found was discovered in June 1968by William J. Meister, a non-professional fossil collector.
A.a part-time B. a spare-time C. an untrained D. an amateur
of us think of sharks as dangerous, owing to lack of information ratherthan fear.
A.due to B. because C. as D.for
28.Double Eagle II, the first trans-Atlantic balloon, was greeted by avid crowdsin France.
A.eager B. surging C. appreciative D. vigorous
29. The discovery of the connection between aspirin and Reyessyndrome, a rare and deadly ailment, is a recent example of the caution with which drugs must be used, even for medical purposes.
A.disease B. sick C. ill D. illness
30. My parents moved out of their old home sometime last year after they had celebrated their 50th year there.
A.anniversary B. years old C. age D. wedding
31. The library she worked in lent books, magazines, audio-cassettes and maps to its customers, who could keep them for four weeks.
A.borrowers B. lenders C. patrons D. clients
32.A common question that people ask a story writer is whether or not he hasexperienced what he has written about.
A.fiction B. science C. imaginary D. literary
33.At the World Literacy Center, an organization that works to help people read,thehelpers work hard, enabling them to successfully reach their goals.
A.assistants B. volunteers C. part-timers D. amateurs
34.The officers made it clear that they were letting her go only because that shewas old and not because she was above suspicion.
A.for reason B. due to C. because of D. on the grounds
35. The book, which is a useful guide for today’s young people, deals with many questions and problems that face them at school and at home as well as in society.
A.are faced B. confront C. in opposition D. meet
Part 3 Error Correction
This part consists of 15 sentences in which there is an underlined part that indicates a grammatical error. Below each sentence, thereare 4 choices respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word orphrase that can replace the underlined part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. Blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET.
36.All don’t have a free ticket must pay the admission fee.
A.Everyone who doesn’t have a free ticket
B.No one who doesn’t have a free ticket
C.No one who has free tickets
D.Anyone who has free tickets
37.When I last saw them, the police had chased the robbers down Columbus Street.
A.were chasing B. was chasing C. chased D. were on a chase
38. Erosion that is a slow process, but it constantly changes the features on the surface of the earth.
A.which is B. although C. being D. is
39. When an organism is completely encapsulated and preserved, it becomes a fossil, therefore turning into evidence of things thatonce lived.
A.thereby B. as a result of C. so D.in the end
40.The pictures of the Loch Ness Monster show a remarkable resemblance to aplesiosaur, a large water reptile of the Mesozoic era presuming extinct formore than 70 million years.
A.supposed B. presumably C. presumptuous D. is presumed
41. In our own galaxy, the Milky Way, there are perhaps 200 billion stars, a small part of them probably have planets onwhich life is feasible.
A.a small fraction in which
B.a small fraction of which
C.a small fraction which
D.which a fraction of
42.“But you’ll be able to come, won’t you?” “Yes, I think such.”
A.that B. it C. so D.this
43.The professor is quite difficult pleased.
A.to please B. to be pleased C. for pleasing D. pleasing
44.Because everyone knows, facts speak louder than words.
A.Since B. That C. It D.As
45.The trapeze artist who ran away with the clown broke up the lion tamer’s heart.
A.broke away B. broke down C. broke D. broken down
46.His heavy drinking and fond of gambling makes him a poor role model.
A.and fact that he gambles
B.and that he gambles
C.and he gambles which
D.and gambling
47.Depression that inflicts people who believe their lives lack content when therush of the busy week stops referred to by a prominent psychiatrist as Sunday Neurosis.
A.has been referred to by a prominent psychiatrist
B.has been referred to as by a prominent psychiatrist
C.a prominent psychiatrist has referred to it
D.it has been referred to by a prominent psychiatrist
48.Just as there are occupations that require college degrees also there areoccupations for which technical training is necessary.
A.so to there are B. so too there are C. so there are D. so too are there
of the older civilizations which flourished during the fifth century B.C. are died out.
A.they have died out B. has died out C. have died out D. they had died out
50.The student asked her professor if he would have gone on the space ship he did know earlier.
A. if he knew B. if heknows C. he had known D. had he known
Section 2: Reading Comprehension(55 points)
In this section you will find after each of the passages a number of questions or unfinished statements about the passage, each with 4 (A, B, C and D) choices to complete the statement. You must choose the one which you think fits best. Then blacken the corresponding letter as required on your Machine-scoring ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 75 minute.
Questions 51-56 are based on the following passage.
Awardedthe Nobel Prize for physics in 1918, German physicist Max Planck is bestremembered as the originator of the quantum theory. His work helped usher in anew era in theoretical physics and revolutionized the scientific community’sunderstanding of atomic and subatomic processes.
Planck introduced an idea that led to the quantum theory, which became the foundation of twentieth century physics. In December 1900, Planck worked out an equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over the range of low to highfrequencies. He had developed a theory which depended on a model of matter that seemed very strange at the time. The model required the emission of electromagnetic radiation in small chunks or particles. These particles were later calledquantums. The energy associated with each quantum is measured by multiplying the frequency of the radiation, v, by a universal constant, h. Thus, energy, or E, equals hv. The constant, h, is known as Planck’s constant. It is now recognized as one of the fundamental constants of the world.
Planck announced his findings in 1900, but it was years before the full consequences of his revolutionary quantum theory were recognized. Throughout his life, Planck made significant contributions to optics, thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, physical chemistry, among other fields.
51.In which of the following fields did Max Planck not make a significantcontribution?
A.Optics. B. Thermodynamics. C. Statistical mechanics. D. Biology.
52.The word “revolutionary” as used in line 16 means .
A.radical B. extremist C. momentous D. militaristic
53.It can be inferred from the passage that Planck’s work led to the developmentof which of the following?
A.The rocket. B. The atomic bomb. C. The internal combustion engine. D. The computer.
54.The particles of electromagnetic radiation given off by matter are known as .
A.quantums B. atoms C. electrons D. valences
55.The implication in this passage is that .
A.only a German physicist could discover such a theory
B.quantum theory, which led to the development of twentieth century physics, is basically a mathematical formula
C.Planck’s constant was not discernible before 1900
D.radiation was hard to study
56.“An idea” as used in line 5, refers to .
A.a model of matter
B.emission of electromagnetic radiation
C.quantums
D.the equation that described the distribution of radiation accurately over therange of low to high frequencies
Questions 57-62are based on the following passage.
There has been much speculation about the origin of baseball. In 1907 a special commission decided that themodern game was invented by Abner Doubleday in 1839. One hundred years later the National Baseball Museum was opened to honor Doubleday. Historians, however, disagree about the origin of baseball. Some say that baseball comes from bat-and-ball games of ancient times. It is a matter ofrecord that in the 1700s English boys played a game they called “baseball”。Americans have played a kind of baseball since about 1800. At first the American game had different rules and differentnames in various parts of the country — “town ball”, “rounders”, or “one oldcat”。 Youngsters today still play some of these simplified forms of thegame.
Baseball did not receive a standard set of rules until 1845, when Alexander Cartwright organized the Knickerbocker Baseball Club of New York City. The rulesCartwright set up for his nine-player team were widely adopted by other clubs and formed the basis of modern baseball. The game was played on a “diamond” infieldwith the bases 90 feet apart. The first team to score 21 runs was declared the winner. By 1858 the National Association of Baseball Players was formed with 25 amateur teams.The Cincinnati Red Stockings began to pay players in 1869.
57.Which of the following is true about the origins of baseball?
A.Historians agree that baseball was invented by Abner Doubleday.
B.Baseball, as played in the early 19th century, differed very little fromtoday’s game.
C.As early as the 1700s, English boys played a game called “baseball.”
D.The first standard set of baseball rules was established at the turn ofthe century.
58.What was the first professional baseball team called?
A.New York Knickerbockers. B. MilwaukeeBraves. C. Cincinnati Red Stockings. D. Brooklyn Dodgers.
59.Who first gave baseball a standard set of rules?
A.Abner Doubleday. B. AlexanderCartwright. C. Albert Spalding. D. Babe Ruth.
60.Which of the following was not a predecessor of baseball?
A.Rounders. B. Town ball. C. Cricket. D. One old cat.
61.The tone of the passage is .
A.persuasive B. informative C. biased D. argumentative
62. The passage implies that until 1869, baseball was played for all of the following reasonsexcept .
A.exercise B. leisure C. profit D. socializing
Questions 63-68are based on the following passage.
Theblue of the sea is caused by the scattering of sunlight by tiny particlessuspended in the water. Blue light, being of short wavelength, is scattered more efficiently than light of longer wavelengths. Althoughwaters of the open ocean are commonly some shade of blue, green water iscommonly seen near coasts, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. Thisis caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are onesource of the yellow pigment. Other microscopic plants may color the waterbrown or brownish-red. Near the shore, silt or sediment in suspension can give water a brownish hue. Outflow of large rivers can often be observed many miles offshore by the coloration of suspendedsoil particles.
Marine phytoplankton (Greek for “plant wanderers”) are microscopic single-celled plants that include diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, green algae, and blue-green algae, among others. The growth of these organisms, whichphotosynthesize light, depends on a delicate balance of nutrient enrichment via vertical mixing, which is often limited by the availability of nitrogen and light. Diatoms are one-celled plants with patterned glass coverings. Each glass, or silicon dioxide box, is ornamented with species-specific designs, pits, and perforations making them popular with microscopists and, morerecently, electron scanning microscopists.
water near coastlines is almost always caused by .
A.sand color
B.red pigments in coastal waters
C.blue pigment
D.reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life
64.Phytoplankton are the source of which color pigment?
A.Red. B. Green. C. Yellow. D. Blue.
65.What can give waters a brownish hue near the shore?
A.Sediment. B. Phytoplankton. C. Blue pigment. D. Diatoms.
66.Which of the following is not a type of phytoplankton?
A.Green algae. B. Diatoms. C. Blue-green algae. D. Amoeba.
67.The growth of phytoplankton is often limited by the availability of .
A.oxygen B. hydrogen C. nitrogen D. carbon dioxide
68.The main idea of this passage is that .
A.light causes sea color
B.sea coloration is varied because of a combination of length of light waves and microscopic plant life and silt
C.microscopic plant life causes sea color
D.water composition causes sea color
Questions 69-75are based on the following passage.
The United States government publishes guidelines for appropriate nutrient intakes. These are known as the RecommendedDietary Allowances (RDAs) and are updated regularly based on new research in nutrition. RDAs are suggested amounts of calories, protein, and some minerals and vitamins for an adequate diet. For other dietary substances, specific goals must await further research. However, forthe U.S. population as a whole, increasing starch and fiber in one’s diet andreducing calories (primarily from fats, sugar, and alcohol) is sensible. These suggestions are especially appropriate forpeople who have other factors for chronic diseases due to family history of obesity, premature heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, and high blood cholesterol, or for those who usetobacco.
Snacks can furnish about one-fourth of the calorie requirements among teenagers. Those snacks should also provide much of the day’s allowances for protein, minerals, and vitamins. Sandwiches, fruit, and milk make good snacksfor active teenagers. Food from the food pyramid may be part of any meal. A grilled cheese sandwich or a bowl of whole-grain cereal is just as nutritious in the morning as it is at noon.In addition, a good breakfast consists of any foods that supply aboutone-fourth of the necessary nutrients for the day.
69. The passage directly states that most of the U.S. population should increase their intake of .
A.protein B. fats C. starch and fiber D. sandwiches
70.A good breakfast should supply about what percentage of the necessary nutrientsfor the day?
A.One-half. B. One-third. C. One-fourth. D. Less than one-fourth.
71.The passage implies which of the following?
A.The time of day when food is consumed affects its nutritive value.
B.Different foods can be combined to increase total nutrition value.
C.It can be detrimental to your health to eat breakfast foods later in the day.
D.When food is eaten has no bearing on its nutritive effects.
72.Why are RDAs regularly updated?
A.New discoveries in the science of nutrition are constantly being made.
B.Americans’ diets are constantly changing.
C.As people age, their nutritional needs change.
D.Very little is currently known about nutrition.
73.In this passage RDAs refers to .
A.types of vitamins B. types of protein C. types of minerals D. amounts of energy, protein, vitamins, andminerals
implication in this passage is that .
A.all RDAs have been established
B.not all RDAs have been established yet
C.it’s not important to know RDAs
D.RDAs are necessary only for sick people
75.The reduction of calories in the diet is particularly good for people whosuffer from .
A.obesity
B.premature heart disease and diabetes
C.high blood pressure and cholesterol levels
D.all of the above
Questions 76-81are based on the following passage.
The most popular organic gem is the pearl. A pearl is the response of a marine mollusk to the presence of an irritating impurity accidentally introduced into its body; a cultured pearl is the result of the intentional insertion of a mother-of-pearl bead into a live mollusk. Whether introduced accidentally or intentionally, the pearl-making process is the same: the mollusk coats the irritant with a substance called nacre. Nacre is composed chiefly of calcium carbonate. Because very few natural pearls are now on the market, most pearls used in fine jewelry are cultured. These include “Biwa” pearls and most other freshwater pearls. Cultured pearls are not easily distinguished from natural pearlsexcept by an expert.
76. Which of the following people could tell the difference between a cultured pearl and an organic pearl?
A.Scuba diver. B. Fisherman. C. Jeweler. D. Clerk.
77.What is the chief component of nacre?
A.Sand. B. Bead. C. Calcium carbonate. D. Biwa.
78.The difference between a pearl and a cultured pearl is the nature of the .
A.color B. introduction of the irritatingimpurity C. coating material D. irritating impurity
79.Nacre is a substance that is .
A.mechanically manufactured
B.the result of laboratory testing
C.organically secreted by the mollusk
D.present in the chemical composition of freshwater pounds
80.The main idea in this passage is that .
A. most marketable pearls are cultured because nature does not produce enough of its own to satisfy the market
B.cultured pearls are of a higher quality than natural pearls
C.there are two major methods of pearl-making
D.a natural “drought” of pearl production is taking place
81.Cultured pearl is formed by .
A.insertion of a pearl into a live mollusk
B.an oyster into which a piece of grit has been placed
C.putting in a live mollusk
D.placing a bead into culture
Questions 82-87are based on the following passage.
Stress is with us all the time. It comes from mental or emotional activity as well as physical activity. It is uniqueand personal to each of us. So personal, in fact, that what may be relaxing toone person may be stressful to another. For example, if you’re a busy executivewho likes to keep occupied all of the time, “taking it easy” at the beach on a beautiful day may be extremely frustrating, nonproductive, and upsetting. You may be emotionally distressed from “doing nothing.” Too much emotional stress can cause physical illnesses such as high blood pressure, ulcers, or even heart disease. Physical stress from work or exercise is not likely to cause such ailments. The truth is that physical exercise can help you to relax andto better handle your mental or emotional stress.
82.Which of the following people would find “taking it easy” stressful?
A.Construction workers. B. Businessexecutives. C. Farm workers. D. Truck drivers.
83.Which of the following would be a determinant as to what people find stressful?
A.Personality. B. Education. C. Marital status. D. Shoe size.
84.This article, published by the Department of Health and Human Services,probably came from the .
A.Federal Bureau of Investigation
B.Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration
C.Education Administration
D.Communicable Diseases Administration
85.A source of stress not specifically mentioned in this passage is .
A.educational activity B. physicalactivity C. mental activity D. emotional activity
86.Physical problems caused by emotional stress can appear as all of the followingexcept .
A.ulcers B. pregnancy C. heart disease D. high blood pressure
method mentioned to help handle stress is .
A.physical exercise B. tranquilizers C. drugs D. taking it easy
Questions 88-92are based on the following passage.
With the sudden onset of severe psychotic symptoms, the individual is said to be experiencing acute schizophrenia (精神分裂症). “Psychotic” means out of touch with reality, or unable to separate real from unreal experiences. Somepeople have only one such psychotic episode. Others have many episodes during alifetime but lead relatively normal lives during interim periods. Theindividual with chronic (continuous or recurring) schizophrenia often does not fully recover normal functioning and typically requires long-term treatment, generallyincluding medication, to control the symptoms. These symptoms may include hallucinations(幻觉), incoherence, delusions, lackof judgment, deterioration of the abilities to reason and feel emotion, and alack of interaction between the patient and his environment. The hallucinationsmay be a visual, auditory, or tactile. Some chronic schizophrenic patients maynever be able to function without assistance of one sort or another.
88.Which of the following is not a symptom of schizophrenia?
A.Hallucinations. B. Delusions. C. Incoherence. D. Vertigo.
89.It can be inferred from the passage that a person experiencing acuteschizophrenia most likely .
A.cannot live without medication
B.cannot go on living
C.can hold a full-time job
D.cannot distinguish real from unreal
90.According to this passage, thinking that one can fly might be an example of .
A.medicine overdose
B.being out of touch with reality
C.recovering normal functioning
D.symptom control
91.The passage suggests that the beginning of severe psychotic symptoms of acute schizophrenia may be any of the following except .
A.debilitating
B.sudden occurrence
C.occurring after a long period of normalcy
D.drug-induced
92.The passage implies that normal life may be possible for the chronicschizophrenic with the help of .
A.medicines B. neurotic episodes C. psychotic episodes D. time
Questions 93-100are based on the following passage.
Aspirinis one of the safest and most effective drugs invented by man. The most popularmedicine in the world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are relatively mild. It is also cheap.
Formillions of people suffering from arthritis, it is the only thing that works.Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th-century wonder drug. It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. It has side effects that, although relatively mild, are largely unrecognized among users.
Although aspirin was first sold by a German company in 1899, it has been around much longer than that. Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical value of tree barks and leaves which today are known to contain a chemical found in aspirin. During the19th century, there was a great deal of experimentation in Europe with this chemical, and it led to the introduction of aspirin. By 1915, aspirin tablets were available in the United States.
Asmall quantity of aspirin relieves pain and inflammation. It also reduces feverby affecting some of the body’s reactions. Aspirin is very irritating to thestomach lining. The best way is to chew the tablets before swallowing them withwater, but few people can stand the bitter taste. Some people suggest crushingthe tablets in milk or orange juice.
93.Which of the following statements is not true?
A.Aspirin is good to arthritis sufferers.
B.Aspirin may be used as suicide drug.
C.Aspirin is dangerous to small children.
D.Aspirin has unrecognizable side effects.
94.The second paragraph points out that __________.
A.aspirin is always safe B. aspirin can bedangerous C. aspirin has been long used D. aspirin is not truly effective
95.Aspirin was invented in .
A.the 20th century B. the 19th century C. ancient Greece D. ancient Germany
96.The third paragraph describes the _________ of aspirin.
A.uses B. value C. effects D. history
97.Which of the following statements is not true?
A.Aspirin can relieve pain.
B.Aspirin can reduce fever.
C.Aspirin can relieve inflammation.
D.Aspirin can reduce stomach lining.
98.According to this passage, __________ may not be the right way to take aspirin.
A.chewing the tablets B. swallowing thetablets C. crushing them in milk D. putting them in dishes
99.The author of this passage seems to be __________.
A.against aspirin B. in favor of aspirin C. ignorant of aspirin D. disinterested in aspirin
100.A good title for this passage would be: __________
A.Why Do We Take Aspirin?
B.How Do We Take Aspirin?
C.Aspirin: The Unknown Side Effects
D.Aspirin: The Most Popular Medicine
Section 3: Cloze Test (20 points)
Inthe following passage, there are 20 blanks representing words that are missingfrom the context. You are to put back in each of the blanks the missing word.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. The time for this section is 20minutes.
A good translator is by definition bilingual. The opposite is not __________(1) true, however. A bornand bred bilingual will still need two __________(2) to become a translator:first, the skills and experience necessary for__________(3); second, knowledge of the field in which he or she will __________(4). The skills and experience for translation include the ability to write __________(5) in the target language, the ability to read and understand the _________ (6) language material thoroughly, and the ability to work with the latest __________(7) and communication hardware and software.
Does a born and bred bilingual __________(8) a better translator than someone who learned language B later in __________(9)? There is no definite answer, but the following issues are important. __________(10), a born and bred bilingual often suffers from not truly knowing __________(11) language well enough to translate, with some even suffering from what __________(12) known as a lingualism, a state in which a person lacks_________(13) full, fluent command of any language. Second, born and bred bilinguals __________(14) don’t know the culture of the target language well enough to _________(15) top-quality translations, or cannot recognize what aspects of the source language __________(16) its cultureneed to be treated with particular care, as they _________(17) in a sense too close to the language. And last, they often __________(18) theanalytical linguistic skills to work through a sticky text.
On __________(19) other hand, the acquired bilingual may not have the same in-depth __________(20) of colloquialisms, slang, and dialect that the born bilingual has. Also, the acquired bilingual will not be able totranslate as readily in both directions (from B to language A and A to language B). Finally, born bilinguals often have a greater appreciation of the subtleties and nuances of both their languages than someone who learns their B language later in life can ever hope to have.
Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into Chinese.
It didn’t take long for Manuel García Murillo, a bricklayer who took over as mayor here last June, to realize that his town was in trouble. It was 800,000 euros, a little more than $1 million, in the red. There was no cash on hand to pay for anything — and there was work that needed to be done.
But then an amazing thing happened, he said. Just as the health department was about to close down the day care center because it didn’t have a proper kitchen, Bernardo Benítez, a construction worker, offered to put up the walls and the tiles free. Then, Maria José Carmona, an adult education teacher, stepped in to clean the place up. And somehow, the volunteers just kept coming. Every Sunday now, the residents of this town in southwest Spain — young and old — do what needs to be done, whether it is cleaning the streets, raking the leaves, unclogging culverts or planting trees in the park. “It was an initiative from them,” said Mr. García. “Day to day we talked to people and we told them there was no money. Of course, they could see it. The grass in between the sidewalks was up to my thigh. “ Higuera de la Serena is in many ways a microcosm of Spain’s troubles. Just as Spain’s national and regional governments are struggling with the collapse of the construction industry, overspending on huge capital projects and a pileup of unpaid bills, the same problems afflict many of its small towns.
But what has brought Higuera de la Serena a measure of fame in Spain is that the residents have stepped up where their government has failed. Mr. García says his phone rings regularly from other town officials who want to know how to do the same thing. He is serving without pay, as are the town’s two other elected officials. They are also forgoing the cars and phones that usually come with the job. “We lived beyond our means,” Mr. García said. “We invested in public works that
weren’t sensible. We are in technical bankruptcy.” Even some money from the European Union that was supposed to be used for routine operating expenses and last until 2013 has already been spent, he said.
Higuera de la Serena, a cluster of about 900 houses surrounded by farmland, and traditionally dependent on pig farming and olives, got swept up in the giddy days of the construction boom. It built a cultural center and invested in a small nursing home. But the projects were plagued by delays and cost overruns.
The cultural center still has no bathrooms. The nursing home, a whitewashed building sits on the edge of town, still unopened. Together, they account for some $470,000 of debt owed to the bank. But the rest of the debt is mostly the unpaid bills of a town that was not keeping up with its expenses. It owes for medical supplies, for diesel fuel, for road repair, for electrical work, for musicians who played during holidays.
Higuera de la Serena is not completely without workers. It still has a half-time librarian, two half-time street cleaners, someone part-time for the sports complex, a secretary and an administrator, all of whom are paid through various financing streams apart from the town. But the town once had a work force twice the size. And when someone is ill, volunteers have to step in or the gym and sports complex — open four hours a day — must close.
Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points)
Translate the following passage into English.
10 年来，中国经济持续快速发展，经济实力、综合国力、人民生活水平迈上新的台阶，国家面貌发生举世瞩目的历史性变化，为促进亚洲和世界经济增长作出了重要贡献。
中国虽然取得了举世瞩目的发展成就，但仍然是世界上最大的发展中国家，经济社会发展面临巨大的人口、资源、环境压力，发展中不平衡、不协调、不可持续问题依然突出。
2011 年，中国开始实施国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要，提出了今后5年中国经济社会发展的总体任务。
未来5年，中国将着力实施扩大内需特别是消费需求的战略，建立长效机制，释放消费潜力，着力促进经济增长向依靠消费、投资、出口协调拉动转变。
中国将着力实施“走出去”战略，引导各类所有制企业有序到境外投资，积极开展有利于改善当地基础设施和人民生活的项目合作。中国将着力参与全球经济治理和区域合作，推动国际经济金融体系改革，推动建立均衡、普惠、共赢的多边贸易体制，反对各种形式的保护主义，促进国际经济秩序朝着更加公正合理的方向发展。(实际试题有删减)