2016年山西高考全国乙卷(I卷)理科数学试卷试题答案解析（WORD下载）下面是整理的2018年山西高考全国乙卷(I卷)理科数学试卷试题答案解析（WORD下载）（优秀5篇），您的肯定与分享是对小编最大的鼓励。
误区1 只看分数报志愿——重要依据是排名而非分数
高考出分后，考生不能只看分数报志愿，而要参考个人在全市的排名，分析大学和专业组的具体情况，科学填报。
具体来说，查到高考分数后，考生和家长先要有针对性地搜集数据，以往的考生可能要参考最近五年的数据，分析和预测分数的大致走向。
误区2 眼睛紧盯热门专业——选专业应以兴趣能力为基点
所谓的热门专业并没有标准，而是具有相对性和时代特征。如果一味盲目追求热门，则很有可能陷入“入学是热门，毕业成冷门”的尴尬局面。考生和家长填报志愿的时候，应该保持对热门的理性。
误区3 不服从专业调剂——避免“滑档”造成“高分低就”
“滑档”，是指考生一心想读好大学，过高地估计或忽视了自己的分数所能报考的大学层次，结果导致所报考的院校和专业分数都不够，出现档案没有投递到所报考的所有志愿的情况。
“退档”是指虽然考生的档案已经被投递到某大学，但是考生没有选择“服从专业调剂”，出现：（1)相对于考生所报考的具体招生专业（类），考生的分数较低；（2）考生体检不合格，所填报的招生专业(类）体检受限等情况，大学无法录取该考生，导致考生档案被退回的情况。
很多家长往往认为“平行志愿提档不退档”，却忽略了“体检合格且服从专业调剂”这个前提。
误区4 进了大学再转专业——建议考生慎重选择合理规划
对大部分考生来说，转专业是可行的，但却需要花费一定精力和时间成本，希望考生慎重选择，合理规划。
误区5 死磕征集志愿“捡漏”——应理性对待高招“复活赛”
在高招录取期间，如当前批次高校招生计划未完成，将根据情况征集考生志愿。征集志愿和下一批次志愿不冲突，它的填报和录取都在下一批次志愿填报和录取开始前进行。填报征集志愿的考生需要同时满足两个条件——超过当前批次分数线且未被录取。已经被高校录取的考生不能参加征集志愿。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ？19.15. B. ？9.18. C. ？9.15.
答案是C。
1、 What does the man want to do?
A. Have breakfast. B. Take a walk. C. Call his office.
2、 What was George doing last night?
A. Having a meeting. B. Flying home. C. Working on a project.
3、 Why does the man suggest going to the park?
A. It's big. B. It's quiet. C. It's new.
4、 How does the woman sound?
A. Annoyed. B. Pleased. C. Puzzled.
5、 Where is the man's table?
A. Near the door. B. By the window. C. In the corner.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6、 What are the speakers going to do tonight?
A. Eat out. B. Go shopping. C. Do sports.
7、 What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and secretary. B. Hostess and guest. C. Husband and wife.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8、 Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?
A. Their business is slow. B. The weather is favorable. C. It's easy to hire people.
9、 How will they handle the moving?
A. Finish it all at once. B. Have the sales section go first. C. Do one department at a time.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10、 What did Peter learn from his grandfather?
A. How to appreciate art works. B. How to deal with artists. C. How to run a museum.
11、 What did Peter do in Chicago?
A. He studied at a college. B. He served in the army. C. He worked in a gallery.
12、 Whose works did Peter like best?
A. Rembrandt's. B. Botticelli's. C. Rubens'。
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13、 Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a library. B. In a law firm. C. On a train.
14、 By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?
A. March. B. August. C. October.
15、 Why did John quit his part-time job?
A. He had to catch up with his study. B. He was offered a better one. C. He got tired of it.
16、 What is Susan's attitude to John's problem?
A. Carefree. B. Understanding. C. Forgiving.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17、 What did the speaker do before the year 2012?
A. A fitness coach. B. A chess player. C. A marathon runner.
18、 Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?
A. He was motivated by Bolt. B. He broke a world record. C. He won fifth place.
19、 Which is the hardest for the speaker?
A. Getting over an injury. B. Doing strength training. C. Representing Botswana.
20、 What is the speaker mainly talking about?
A. His plan to go for the gold.
B. His experience on the track.
C. His love for his home country.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Henry Raeburn(1756-1823)
The Exhibition
This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years.
Lecture Series
Scottish National Portrait（肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.
An Introduction to Raeburn
Sunday 26 Oct.， 15.00
DUNCAN THOMSON
Raeburn's English Contemporaries
Thursday 30 Oct.， 13.10
JUDY EGERTON
Characters and Characterisation in
Raeburn's Portraits
Thursday 6 Nov.， 13.10
NICHOLAS PHILLIPSON
Raeburn and Artist's Training in the
18th Century
Thursday 13 Nov.， 13.10
MARTIN POSTLE
Exhibition Times
Monday-Saturday 10.00-17.45 Sunday 12.00-17.45
Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission.
Closed: 24-26 December and 1 January.
Admission
？4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.
Schools and Colleges
A special low entrance charge of f2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.
21、 What is the right time for attending Raeburn's English Contemporaries?
A. Sun. 26 Oct. B. Thurs. 30 Oct. C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs.13 Nov.
22、 How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?
A. ？4. B. ？8. C. ？12. D. ？16.
23、 How can full-time students get group discounts?
A. They should go on Sunday mornings. B. They should come from art schools.
C. They must be led by teachers. D. They must have ID cards with them.
B
In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted: The Unexpected Education of Two Society Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff's granddaughter.
Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.
They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
In Wickenden's book, she expanded on the history of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls' decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies, often in blinding snowstorms. The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothy's return to Auburn.
Wickenden is a very good storyteller. The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）of the people move her to some beautiful writing. Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top: "When the sun slipped behind the mountains, it shed a rosy glow all around them. Then a full moon rose. The snow was marked only by small animals: foxes, coyotes, mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter."
24、 Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains?
A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history.
C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.
25、 What can we learn about the girls from paragraph 3?
A. They enjoyed much respect. B. They had a room with a bathtub.
C. They lived with the local kids. D. They suffered severe hardships.
26、 Which part of Wickenden's writing is hair-raising?
A. The extreme climate of Auburn. B. The living conditions in Elkhead.
C. The railroad building in the Rockies. D. The natural beauty of the West.
27、 What is the text?
A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A children's story. D. A diary entry.
C
Can a small group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board.
That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept: the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
28、 What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?
A. The use of drones in checking on power lines. B. Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
C. The reduction of cost in designing drones. D. Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
29、 What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?
A. Personnel safety. B. Assistance from drones.
C. Inspection and repair. D. Construction of infrastructure.
30、 What function is expected of the rail drones?
A. To provide early warning. B. To make trains run automatically.
C. To earn profits for the crews. D. To accelerate transportation.
31、 Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A. What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B. How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C. What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D. How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways
D
The Government's sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.
First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（肥胖）。 It is believed that today's children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.
Initially the sugar tax was expected to make ？520m a year for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate ？240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.
It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers（制造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers' efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of sugary drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.
However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litres per year.
Today's figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.
32、 Why was the sugar tax introduced?
A. To collect money for schools. B. To improve the quality of drinks.
C. To protect children's health. D. To encourage research in education.
33、 How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?
A. They turned to overseas markets. B. They raised the prices of their products.
C. They cut down on their production. D. They reduced their products' sugar content.
34、 From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?
A. Most alcoholic drinks. B. Milk-based drinks. C. Fruit juices. D. Classic Coke.
35、 What can be inferred about the adoption of the sugar tax policy?
A. It is a short-sighted decision. B. It is a success story.
C. It benefits manufacturers. D. It upsets customers.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Friendship needs care and attention to keep it in good health. Here are five ways to sustain（保持）long-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Long-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36
·More isn't always merrier
Make sure you have communicated with your friend about how frequently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37 。 There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
·Practise empathy（共情）
38 。 The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time demands placed on the friend who has moved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.
· 39
Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra effort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends' birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.
·Don't rely on technology alone
40 ， but long-distance friendships -even close ones -may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.
A. Remember important dates
B. Compensate by writing letters
C. It is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeper
D. Try to find a time that works for both of you and stick to it
E. Friends need to talk about their preferred methods of communication
F. It is easy to have a sense of connectedness through social media
G. You may be the friend who left or the one who was left behind
语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there's something highly exciting about 41 someone else's glance and making oneself unable to be seen.
However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably 42 at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 。
For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was 44 as evidence that children are hopelessly "egocentric"（自我中心的）creatures. But our 45 research results in child developmental psychology 46 that idea.
We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each 47 sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or 48 。 We then asked the child if she could 49 or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn't. The same 50 happened when the adult covered her own mouth: 51 children said that they couldn't 52 to her.
A number of 53 ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects 54 the questions and knew 55 what was asked of them. Their 56 to the questions reflected their true 57 that "I can see you only if you can see me, too." They simply 58 mutual（相互的）recognition and regard. Our 59 suggest when a child "hides" by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method 60 when others use it.
41、 A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing
42、 A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick
43、 A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced
44、 A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted
45、 A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired
46、 A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested
47、 A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor
48、 A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears
49、 A. see B. help C. reach D. fool
50、 A. event B. thing C. action D. accident
51、 A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once
52、 A. speak B. listen C. tum D. wave
53、 A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions
54、 A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored
55、 A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly
56、 A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity
57、 A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose
58、 A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up
59、 A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings
60、 A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61 the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62 festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society 63 (address)the opening ceremony. "As a main promoter of the International Tea Day, the birthplace of tea and the 64 (large)tea-producing country, China has a 65 (responsible)to work with other countries to promote the healthy development of the tea industry. It can help to build a community with a 66 (share)future for mankind," he said.
The "First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative" issued（发布）at the ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation 67 cultural exchanges. A four-year tea promotion—Tea Road Cooperative Plan—was also issued in accordance with the initiative.
68 (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, 69 (invite)twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts.
The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled（揭幕）at the ceremony, opening 70 (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth—A Special Exhibition of Pu'er Tea.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节，短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(^)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people
who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. Maybe it is because the
combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride
a bicycle, you don't use petrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide
and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have been taken over our cities.
They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger. And there were
traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle.
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1、学习活动状况描述：
2、简单评论；
3、你的建议。
1、考生在具体操作时，宜结合使用两种以上筛选方式来确定自己的目标院校，这样筛选出来的结果，相对来说更科学。
2、在进行数据对比时，考生不能仅仅盯着某一两年的数据，而是要对比分析近三四年的历史数据。
3、在寻找“与自己分数相匹配的院校”时，应留足上下浮动的空间，以便为下一步设计志愿梯度作准备。
4、由于每年考生分数分布状况不同，且少数高校招生批次有调整，比如前一年是二本招生，后一年是一本招生。因此，利用上述方法锁定的目标院校只能作为参考，最终志愿填报方案还需综合考虑其他因素。
变速跟随法
就是每堂课45分钟的时间里时紧时慢地跟老师。一堂课中一刻不溜号是不容易的。全神贯注一点儿不溜号几乎无人能做到。若真有谁能做到，几天下来也会垮下来的。任何一名当过学生的人都清楚，溜号是正常的，是正常人的表现。关键不在溜不溜号，关键是能不能动态地有预见地把握自己。紧紧地跟着老师走是匀速运动，时紧时慢地跟着老师走则是变速运动。
那么如何变速跟随老师呢？就是当老师讲的问题，如果属于你存在的第一类问题时要注意听，这是你犯的低级错误。看老师是如何讲授的，一定要记住，理解更深透些，运用更自如些。当老师讲到属于你的第二类问题时，一定要瞪起眼睛，竖起耳朵认真听。这是你模棱两可似是而非的问题。
你模糊在何处？差在哪里？问题的症结究竟在哪？这是你重点要解决的问题，一定要搞明白，弄懂弄通，不达目的决不放过，如搞不明白课后还要追问。当老师讲到属于你的第三类问题时，能听进多少算多少。这样有张有弛重点突出，效果会更好。
掌握运用了以上各点，在前进反馈修正前进循环往复的过程中，第一类问题就会趋近于零；第二类问题就会被攻克；第三类问题也会随着时间的推移得到解决。伴随着这个循环往复的过程，你每消灭一个小问题，就有一次成功的收获，每攻克一个小问题，也得到一次成功的满足，一次次的收获满足体验，会使你的自信心更强，学习热忱更高昂，更相信能实现自己的目标，更相信能实现自己的理想，心情越来越轻松愉悦，便会带来更大的成功，这样就进入了一种良性循环状态。
对照考纲说明，梳理板块框架
兵法有云：“知己知彼，百战不殆”。对于高考这场硬仗而言，这里的“彼”即指“考试内容”。所以要对照考纲，对已复习过的各考点全面铺开，毫无遗漏地构建框架结构图，做到心中有数，不留盲点。同时，还要对照结构图回忆联想围绕这些知识点考过哪些题型，每个考点又是怎样的出题方式、解题步骤和答题方法。要把零散的习题整合成类型，“一个习题就是一个类型”，对其进行深入细致的探究，不要停留在一知半解上。
建立习题档案，反复思考研读
有的同学到了复习后期还在盲目做题，结果是题目虽然做得多，但仍然是在同一个知识点或是同一类题型上失分，究其原因就是没有注重典型例题的总结，不对照自己的错题反思，更不对错题归档整理。
殊不知，失分点就是增分点，所以，后期复习要注意运用不同颜色的笔对作业进行勾画圈点批注，加强解题后的反思并舍得花时间再次钻研历届高考试题，领会其命题风格，对典型习题做好归档工作。
注重识记积累，基础分分必争
高考试题中的中低档题，历来都是“兵家”必争之地。为此，我们要特别注重落实这项工作。例如，对所需背诵默写的64篇文章的复习，就没有任何速成的技巧，考生必须要记牢、记准，动动手，把平时的易错字常写写，逐篇过关。对于成语题、病句题，要注意反复放到语境里面去理解为什么对，为什么错。文言文的翻译练习要坚持，最后阶段要做到字字落实，宁少勿错。