学习英语要从最简单基础的音标开始学，但是仍然有很多同学认为音标很难。学英语的第一步是学英语发音，学发音的第一步就是要搞清楚英语里到底有多少个音，这就要学习英语音标。下面学习啦小编给大家详细介绍一下英语音标的概念及分类，大家可以作为学习的参考。
小学一年级英语音标的概念及分类
音素、音标的概念
(1)音素是记录英语语音的最小单位，英语共48个音素，20个元音，28个辅音。
(2)音标是记录音素的符号，现在我们用国际上通用的48个音标来记录英语语音。为了把音标与字母进行区分，常把音标放在[ ]或者/ /里。
音标的分类
记录英语音素的48个音标可分为元音和辅音两大类。
元音：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流在通过口腔时，不受阻碍发出的语音叫做元音。国际音标中有20个元音，里面包括12个单元音和8个双元音。
单元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ] [a:] [۸] [כ:] [כ] [ə:] [ə] [u:] [u]
双元音：[ai] [ei] [iə] [əu] [uə] [au] [εə] [כi]
辅音：辅音音标：分为清辅音和浊辅音，清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。
清辅音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [θ] [∫] [t∫] [tr] [ts] [h]
浊辅音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [δ] [з] [dz] [dз] [dr] [m] [n] [ŋ] [l] [r] [w] [j]
元音：
前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]
后元音：[ɑ:] [כ:] [כ] [u:] [u]
中元音：[۸] [ə:] [ə]
双元音：[ai] [ei] [iə] [əu] [uə] [au] [εə] [כi]
辅音：
爆破音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g]
鼻音： [m] [n] [ŋ]
摩擦音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [θ] [ð] [∫] [з] [r] [h]
破擦音：[t∫] [dз] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz]
半元音：[w] [j]
舌边音：[l]
要想提高英语的学习效率，首先要端正自己的学习态度，养成良好的学习习惯。在学习的过程中不能三天打鱼两天晒网，而是要做到坚持和努力。
小学一年级短篇英语故事
孩子们刚刚接触英语学习的时候会感觉无从下手，对于一年级的学生来说，要想学好英语，首先要培养孩子们的学习兴趣，兴趣是学习的动力。平时可以推荐孩子们听英语歌谣和一些英语短篇小故事。下面小编给大家分享两篇短篇英语古诗，大家可以作为学习的参考。
风和太阳 The Wind And The Sun
One day the wind said to the sun, “Look at that man walking along the road. I can get his cloak off more quickly than you can.”“We will see about that,” said the sun. “I will let you try first.” So the wind tried to make the man take off his cloak. He blew and blew, but the man only pulled his cloak more closely around himself. “I give up,” said the wind at last. “I cannot get his cloak off.” Then the sun tried. He shone as hard as he could. The man soon became hot and took off his cloak.
(有一天风跟太阳说: “看看那个沿着路上走的人.我可以比你快让他把披风脱下来.) (“我们等着看吧,”太阳说, “我让你先试.) (因此风尝试让那个人把披风脱下来.他用力地吹,可是那个人把披风拉得更紧.) (“我放弃了,”风最后说, “我无法让他把披风脱下来.”然后由太阳试试看.他尽可能地晒他.不久,那个人很热就把披风脱下来了.)
老狮子与狐狸 the lion and the fox
the lion once said that he was sick on his death bed. So he asked all the animals to come and listen to his last wishes. the goat came to the lion’s cave. He stood there and listened for a long time. then a sheep went in. Before she came out, a rabbit entered to hear the last wishes of the king of beasts. But soon the lion seemed to recover, and went to the mouth of his cave. He saw a fox waiting outside. “Why don’t you come in?“ asked the lion to the fox. “I beg Your Majesty’s pardon,“ said the fox, “I have seen many animals enter your cave, but none of them come out. Till they come out again, I prefer to wait outside.“
一头年老的狮子声称自己病得要死了，他告诉所有的动物来听他的临终遗言。 一只山羊进入狮子的洞穴，并一直留在那里，接着一只绵羊也进去了。之前，一只兔子也曾进去听这兽中之王的临终遗言。 但是不久，狮子好像康复了，能走到洞口了，他看到狐狸站在洞口，就问：“你为什么不进来呢?” “尊敬的殿下，”狐狸回答说，“如果我没发现只有进去的脚印，没有一个出来的脚印，我也许会进洞去。”
英语是当今的主流语言，学好英语可以增加自己的外交能力，可以为自己以后出国留学而做准备。