大理景点导游词（推荐20篇）

阳关位于敦煌市西南70公里外的南湖乡境内，为汉武帝开辟河西，“列四郡，据两关”的两关之一，自古为丝绸之路西出敦煌，通西域南道的必经关卡，西部边境之门户。唐代诗人王维首“渭城朝雨邑轻尘，客舍青青柳色新。劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人”，更使阳关名扬千古。

阳关建于汉元封四年(前120xx年)左右，曾设都尉管理军务，自汉至唐，一直是丝路南道上的必经关隘。历史的久远使关城烽燧少有遗存，据(元和郡县志)载阳关，在县(寿昌县)西六里。以居玉门关之南，故曰阳关。本汉置也，渭之南道，西趣鄯善、莎车。后魏尝于此置阳关县，周废。”巴黎藏敦煌石室写本(沙州地志)(P.5034)载：阳关，东西二十步，南北二十七步。右在(寿昌)县西十里，今见毁坏，基址见存。西通石城、于阗等南路。以在玉门关南，号日：“阳关”(注：古人以山南水北为阳)。可见唐时阳关已毁，仅存基址。古寿昌城在今敦煌市南湖乡北工村附近，阳关在寿昌故城西6里，或10里处，当指约数而言。专家考证，阳关故址就在今南湖乡西面对‘古董滩”的流沙地带。

出敦煌市西南行75公里路程即可到达阳关故址：“古董滩”。1943年向达先生在这里考察时写道：“今南湖西北隅有地名古董滩，流沙壅塞，而版筑遗迹以及陶片遍地皆是，且时得古器物如玉器、陶片、古钱之属，其时代自汉以迄唐宋皆具，古董滩遗迹迤逦而北以迄于南湖北面龙首山俗名红山口下，南北可三四里，东西流沙湮没，广阔不甚可考”。1972年酒 泉地区文物普查队于古董道西14道沙渠后，发现大量版筑墙基遗址，经试掘、测量，房屋排列整齐清晰，面积上万平方米，附近有继续宽厚的城堡垣基。阳关故址当位于此处。

古代阳关向北至玉门关一线有70公里的长城相连，每隔数十里即有烽燧墩台，阳关附近亦有十几座烽燧。尤以古董滩北侧墩墩山顶上的称为“阳关耳目”的烽燧最大，地势最高，保存比较完整。

Dear tourists

hello everyone.

Now we come to the Bund by the Huangpu River in Shanghai. First of all, Iwould like to welcome you to visit the Bund and wish you a pleasant trip.

There are five tourist routes in the new Bund. On your left hand side arethe magnificent buildings and spacious Zhongshan Road known as the "WorldArchitecture Expo". On your right hand side are the sparkling Huangpu River andPudong Lujia financial and trade zone with bright future. In front of you is anew and unique sightseeing area. The buildings, Zhongshan Road, sightseeingarea, Huangpu River and Lujiazui are like the staff in the music score, whilethe industrious Shanghai people are like strings of inter symbol, forming thelatest and most beautiful movement. Welcome to all the guests.

After the first war in 1840, the locked door was opened by the colonists,and Shanghai was forced to become a commercial port. Since then, all kinds ofwestern style buildings have sprung up with the colonists "seizing the beach".By the early 1930s, Shanghai had leapt from a coastal town to the largest cityin the Far East.

Although these buildings with European Renaissance style are not designedby the same designer or built in the same era, their architectural style is soharmonious and unified that it seems to be natural. From the the Bund road tothe outer white road bridge, the length of the arc is only 1.5 kilometers, androw upon row of 52 buildings of different styles, including English, French,ancient Greek, etc. At that time, many foreign banks, associations andconsulates gathered here, known as "Wall Street" in the East, forming ahistorical miniature of the semi colonial and semi feudal society in oldShanghai.

Please see, Dongfeng Hotel No.2 on the new Bund used to be a very famousBritish club. It is a typical British classical building. The building is 6stories high (including basement). There is a pavilion at the north and southends of the roof. The interior decoration is very gorgeous. The first floor barused to be proud of its 110.7-foot bar, which is the longest in the East. NowKFC is located in the bar.

Before the new Bund 12, it was the famous "HSBC Bank". The building wasbuilt in 1923, which is an antique Greek style dome building. The building is arectangular building close to square, with five stories high and a halfspherical top layer. There are seven stories at the top of the building and asteel frame structure. The interior of the building is decorated with variousreception rooms in the United States, Britain, France, Russia and Japan. Thisbuilding was once regarded by the British as one of the most exquisite buildingsfrom the Suez Canal to the Bering Strait in the Far East.

The building next to HSBC is the Shanghai customs building, a 19th-centuryretro building, built in 1927, which is rare in the world today. The clock onthe top of the building can be seen all around. It plays a short tune every 15minutes. The sound of the bell is melodious and deep, with a sound of 10 Li.

After Wilson, the British designer, the HSBC building and the customsbuilding are affectionately called "sister buildings" in Shanghai, and they arestill one of the important symbols of Shanghai.

The two buildings at the entrance of Nanjing East Road are called peacehotel. The south facing building was built in 1906. It was called Huizhong hotelat that time. It is the earliest existing hotel in Shanghai. It can be used as ahistorical building, belonging to the Renaissance of British culture. Thebiggest feature of the building is that the facade is made of red brick withwaist line and white wall brick with veneer. From a distance, it looks solemnand elegant with unique style, which is a rare masterpiece.

These buildings on the Bund are the crystallization of the industriouswisdom of the Chinese working people, and also reflect the plunder and invasionof Shanghai by the western colonists. Nowadays, in order to let people know thehistory of these buildings, the Chinese and English nameplates are hung in frontof each building.

As for the Bund, the name given to her by Shanghai people has changed withthe passage of time. Shanghai people call the Bund before liberation the oldBund and after liberation the Bund. Now people praise it as the new Bund. Therehave been scenes of seizing the Bund many times in history, but each time has acompletely different historical significance. Since the Third Plenary Session ofthe Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the strategicfocus of Chinas reform and opening up has also changed from south to north. Thedevelopment and revitalization of Pudong has brought Shanghai to the forefrontof Chinas reform and opening up. The spring breeze has awakened Shanghai Bund,which has been sleeping for many years. Chinese and foreign financialinstitutions have also seized the Bund. Shanghai has made a major move to "clearthe nest and attract Phoenix", replacing the Bund Financial Street houses,attracting "old customers" from home and abroad to settle down again, showingthe style of "Wall Street" in the Far East.

The Bund is a symbol of Shanghai and a must for Chinese and foreigntourists. But in the past, because of the narrow road and the crowded traffic,the overall image of the Bund was seriously affected. In order to change theappearance of the Bund, the Shanghai Peoples government takes the Bund as a keypoint to transform. The road in front of us is called Zhongshan Road. It isnamed in memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the pioneer of Chinas democraticrevolution. It is also part of the comprehensive transformation of the Bund. Theroad is 826m long and 45m wide with 6 to 10 lanes. This wide traffic line is notonly limited to the Bund area, but also extends with the pace of reform andopening up. It starts from Jiangwan Wujiaochang in the north and ends at NanpuBridge in the south. By the beginning of the next century, the North-SouthCorridor will be 15 kilometers long and will become a landmark of Shanghaitourism.

The riverside road we are taking now is quite unique. It not onlyintegrates culture and greening, but also is a good place for people to practicewriting and martial arts in the morning, a place for tourists at home and abroadto visit in the daytime, and an ideal place for lovers to have a love talk inthe evening. It is said that many foreign friends have come to experiencelife.

Ladies and gentlemen, strolling in the new Bund Sightseeing Area, do youfeel that the new Bund not only has a new look, but also has a strong artisticatmosphere in the bustling city. Lets see: an artistic landscape with the themeof "for tomorrow" is set on the Bund of Yanan East Road, embracing with sixcolumns and combining with the meteorological signal station with a history ofmore than 80 years to form a group of scenery. The customs building and theelectronic waterfall clock are also quite new. The electronic waterfall clock isa ladder type, 27 meters long and 3.5 meters high, with 10 full steps. The wholeoperation process is controlled by computer. There are more than 1000 jets ofwater in various colors of Arabic numerals, which makes the world so far awayand so close to each other. The tourist area has become a scenic line ofShanghai style culture that can accommodate hundreds of rivers.

Walking on the Bund, we unconsciously entered Huangpu Park. When it comesto the park, everyone in China cant forget the sign "Chinese and dogs are notallowed to enter" hung by foreign powers at the entrance of the park. Theinfamous sign brought great shame to the Chinese people at that time. Now, the60 meter high Shanghai Peoples handsome monument stands in front of the water.The majestic three pillar huanggangyan tower seems to tell people that thepeople will always remember the heroes who sacrificed their lives for thenational humiliation and Shanghais revolutionary cause since the war, the May4th Movement and the liberation war.

Huangpu Park is facing the famous Huangpu River at home and abroad. "Theyellow water in Huanglongpu on the moon" vividly depicts the color of HuangpuRiver. Jiangpu river is the mother river of Shanghai. It originates from TaihuLake in Wuxi. It is the longest, widest and deepest river in Shanghai, with atotal length of 114 km, an average width of 400 m and a depth of 7-9 M. Itsoriginal name is Dongjiang, also known as chunshenjiang and huangxiejiang. It issaid that more than 20__ years ago, Shanghai belonged to the state of Chu. Atthat time, there was a great general named Huang Xie in the state of Chu. He wasvery talented in governing the country. He was appointed prime minister by theking of Chu and was granted the title of "fengshenjun" to govern the land ofShanghai. Due to the siltation of the upper reaches of Dongjiang River at thattime, he led the people of Shanghai to dredge and modify the waterway, whichgreatly developed Shanghais water transportation and agriculture. In order tocommemorate Huang Xies achievements, later generations changed the name ofDongjiang River to "chunshenjiang" and "huangxiepu", which was not officiallynamed "Huangpu River" until the Southern Song Dynasty.

Overlooking the other bank, Pudong Lujiazui financial and trade zone andPuxi Bund are facing each other. Its functions are finance, trade and foreignservices. It will be the core and symbol of new Shanghai. "East Bund" BinjiangAvenue, with a total length of 2500 meters, integrates tourism, sightseeing andentertainment, along which there are six distinctive squares. Although I canonly smell the rumbling sound of piling, it is the most gorgeous movement on thestaff and predicts a better future for the Bund.

凡读过宋代大文学家欧阳修的名篇《醉翁亭记》的人，无不为其描绘的美景所倾倒：“环滁皆山也。其西南诸峰，林壑尤美，望之蔚然而深秀者，琅琊也。……”这琅琊山便是在安徽省滁州市西南约5公里处，是著名的风景名胜区。琅琊山古称摩陀岭，后何以名琅琊，历来说法不一。一种说法是：东晋琅琊司马睿曾寓居于此而改称琅琊。另一种说法是：西晋镇东大将军琅琊王司马釉率数路大军“出涂中”(指滁水流域)灭吴，吴主孙皓“诣釉请降”献玺即在此，因而山称琅琊。而《古今图书集成?琅琊山汇考》载又一说：“人以其有似于山东东海之琅琊山，故亦名为琅琊。”

琅琊山险峻而秀丽。其山峰“耸然而特立”;其幽谷“悠然而深藏”。林木茂密，花草遍地。数百年的松树、梅树苍劲挺拔，特有的琅琊榆、醉翁榆亭亭如盖，琅琊溪潺潺流淌，让泉、紫薇泉……散布山间，归云洞、雪鸿洞……神秘莫测。九洞十一泉，处处引人入胜。琅琊山景色清幽，素有“蓬莱之后无别山”的美誉。

深秀湖位于回北门通往琅琊山寺院的转弯处，古为一水潭，是游人临溪垂钩之所。1958年，滁县人民政府将水潭扩建成一座小水库。1983年，琅琊山管理处因地制宜，将这里辟为一新的风景区。因其三面环山，景色秀丽，取欧阳修《醉翁亭记》中“蔚然深秀”之句，定名深秀湖。深秀湖水面约540平方米。湖水上源琅琊溪，下遁余家洼水库，四季潺潺，清澈透底。湖面建有湖心桥，因桥有九曲，通称九曲桥。桥墩用青石砌成，桥面为水泥预制件，具有明显的现代建筑特色。桥上筑有湖心亭，亭顶盎金黄玻璃瓦，六角置有琉璃禽篱，又有古建筑特点，湖面侧建有三间六架梁木的水榭，为旅游服务场所。水榭下为人工青石基础，湖水贯通其下。春夏季节，游人凭水而乐，清凉爽快，堪称妙境。

会峰阁是琅琊山风景名胜中的最高建筑物。它于1988年开工兴建，建筑在南天门的明朝建筑会峰亭的残基上(原会峰亭被日军侵略中国时烧毁)。新建筑的会峰阁依山而建，美观大方，气势雄伟。从四面观看，高低形状各不相同。从东面观看，它有三层，从南面观看，它有四层：从西面观看，它有五层。高度24米。会峰阁每层是六面八角，都采用古典建筑的飞檐翘角式样，阁顶用黄色琉璃瓦覆盖，雕梁画柱，古朴大方。阁上24个铃角，都装有铜铃，山风拂处，金声四起，悦目赏心，闻声如入仙境。晴朗天气，登上会峰阁，极目远望，天高地阔，心旷神情。这里阳光和煦，山色苍茫，群山巍峨，匍匐脚下，给人以“一览众山小”之感。大概是因为众山列队，一收眼底，这里象一座检阅台，检阅千山争秀，万峰苍郁，所以此阁才命名为会峰阁吧!由于会峰阁立在琅琊山的最高峰，人们都爱来此了望祖国的壮丽山河。站在会峰阁向南面的山外平原去，地面寥廊，烟雾苍茫，村庄星罗棋布，河塘闪亮如镜，在晴朗无云天气还可以隐约看到几十公里外的长江如带，浩渺东去.

抱犊寨，旧名抱犊山，古名萆山，位于河北省石家庄鹿泉市西郊，海拔580米，山势巍然，仅南北坡各有一条羊肠小道可通。登至山颠，豁然开朗，有土地600多亩，修建有目前全国最大山顶门坊--南天门，全国第一座山顶地下石雕五百罗汉堂，全国最大的金漆壁画装饰的韩信祠以及长城寨墙等。新开辟的“西苑--莲花山--抱犊寨”客运索道全长1800多米，为国内唯一设有中转站，没有中间塔、全封闭往返式客运索道，最高悬空271米，成为抱犊寨的一大景观.

抱犊寨东临华北平原，西接太行群峰，一峰突起，峥嵘雄秀，四周皆是悬崖绝壁，远望犹如巨佛仰卧，眉目毕肖，草木繁茂，恍如世外桃源。有“天下奇寨”、“抱犊福地”之誉。

抱犊寨风光秀丽，古迹众多，明清被列为“鹿泉八景”之首，近年又被评为“石家庄十景”之冠。人文景观除蛟龙洞石窟、天门洞石窟、仙人洞等古迹外，还有全国最大的山顶门坊南天门、全国最大的山顶地下石雕五百罗汉堂、华夏第一龙壁千龙壁以及牛郎织女故事的发祥地――牛郎织女家、天池、天堂街等诸多景点;自然景观则有通幽谷、十八池、天然卧佛、天井、酸枣王、夫妻树、碧桃有灵、抱犊云海、抱犊日出等。另外还建有全国唯一的一座无塔式带有中间站的双线往复式客运索道，游人乘索道可直达寨顶。

后院主体建筑为大雄金殿，内供三佛是释迦牟尼佛、药师佛、阿弥陀佛，两旁为十八罗汉。

龙泉寺：参观了金阁寺，我们乘车向台怀镇方向下行约10公里，便进入一道东西走向的沟峪，名叫东沟，著名的龙泉寺便位于沟北的山岭下，离台怀镇约5公里。龙泉寺之名源于寺东侧这眼泉水。泉亭下这股山泉清澈晶莹，味道甘爽。传说很久以前九龙作恶，文殊菩萨施行佛法把它们压在附近这九道山岭之下，在这眼泉水底部还可看到九条小龙的影子，所以被命名为龙泉。泉旁古刹便取名龙泉寺。龙泉寺位于中台顶脚下，九道岭拱抱，从山形地貌看去，像有九龙齐头并身会饮于龙泉，因此人称这里为九龙冈。

龙泉寺创建于宋代，明代重修，清末至民国初年重建。全寺占地15900平方米，共有各种殿堂僧舍160余间，坐北面南，并排三处大院。寺中的影壁、牌坊、墓塔是三件艺术瑰宝。影壁和牌坊与东院处在一条中轴线上，由108级石板台阶相连。台阶底部这道照壁，正中所嵌这组汉白玉石雕，可以看作五台山主要寺庙的微缩示意图，中心这个葫芦形宝塔代表台怀中心的大白塔;中下端所雕大殿则是中台顶的演教寺;西北角殿外一人在叩头，代表佛母洞;东南侧这一山洞，洞中有坐像，标志观音洞，供有弥勒佛的楼阁代表栖贤寺。这组石雕，刻工精细，构图巧妙，堪称一绝。而台阶上面这座三门四柱牌坊更为精致壮观，全部用汉白玉石雕造而成，前后垂檐和三门拱券，都采用镂空雕法，玲珑剔透，整个牌楼雕满飞龙、花梁、纸扇、宝镜、书笔、尘掸、玉壶等多种图案，形象逼真。这座民国年间用10年工夫雕成的牌坊是近代雕刻艺术的稀世之宝。牌坊后面的东大院前后两进，有天王殿、观音殿、大佛殿等建筑。

今天我们要游览的是南普陀寺，它历史悠久，始于唐朝，但由于多次被毁，又多次重修，所以整个寺庙的建筑还是比较新。因与浙江普陀山一样与供奉观世音菩萨为主，又处于五老峰下之南，所以称其为“南普陀寺”。在中国佛教历史上，厦门的南普陀寺有其重要的地位，它是佛教在闽南一带的传播基地。南普陀的几任住持，在中国佛学界都享有盛誉。/1920_年起任南普陀住持兼闽南佛学院院长的太虚法师，曾到南洋、欧美各国讲学、传道，影响很大。而且他提倡的佛教改革，团结教派，也很有成效，为佛教作出了极大贡献，这也使南普陀寺的声名在海内外广为传扬。

南普陀寺坐子向午，依山面海，全寺的整个建筑，布局匀称，结构严谨，富有民族风格，充分体现了我国劳动人民高超的建筑艺术。站在远处眺望，从无尽岩到五老峰山腰，在南北的中轴线上，天王殿、大雄宝殿、大悲殿、藏金阁四落建筑层层托高，层次分明，俯仰相应。左右厢房、庑廊、钟鼓楼对称排列，回护着三殿，形成一个整体，显示出南普陀寺的雄伟壮观的气势，有一种佛法无边的威严。

在南普陀寺院的门前，屹立着七座汉白玉的如来佛塔和两座11层高的万寿塔，塔前是放生池。塔间的放生池，是专门为施主放生而设立的。放生，是我国历史上的一种风俗习惯，是一种比较普遍的佛事活动。这里池子里有着许多的鲶鱼和乌龟，可是也是因为大家都太乐于积善德吧，而导致池子里面的鱼和乌龟超出了池子所能承受的范围了，而寺庙也不会把这些动物拿来杀生，所以导致里面的荷花(根茎)都吃掉了，所以现在放生池已经限制放生了。

进入南普陀寺的大门，看到的第一座殿阁就是天王殿。1981年，中国佛教协会会长赵朴初题写的

南普陀寺的第二座殿阁是大雄宝殿，这是南普陀寺的主体中心，是1932年由当时的南普陀住持转逢和尚重建。大雄宝殿前的石庭平展舒广，正中宝鼎香炉巍立，两侧白石宝塔高耸，显出广庭崇殿的庄严肃穆。大雄宝殿是寺院僧众早晚课诵和法会朝拜参修的殿堂，也是佛门钟磐长鸣法灯不灭的心脏。主殿正中祀奉着

南普陀寺的第三座殿阁就是大悲殿，这座高20米的殿阁原建于明代，是木质结构，1920_年因香火过盛而被烧毁。1930年太虚法师住持南普陀时重新修建。1962年又进行了一次大翻修，主体改用钢筋水泥建造，又保持木构斗拱作为装饰。殿内祀奉四尊观音菩萨，正面为双手观音，端坐在莲花座上，神态文静自若、和善可亲。其余三面为48臂观音。每支手臂掌中各雕一小眼，手上各执神物，神器各不相同，姿态也各不一样，表现观音有不同的渡众悲愿。三重飞檐，如龙腾空;彩绘装饰，图案优美。殿顶的剪瓷、嵌瓷、彩塑，有的象征吉祥如意的仙女驾鹤，麟凤朝阳;有的象蛟龙吐珠，昂首欲飞。附属的斗拱雕画人物、莲花、走兽、飞鸟等等，都以朱红为底，以绿、黄和金箔点缀，艳而不俗。

南普陀寺的最后一座殿阁，就是两层的藏经阁。这座藏经阁建于1936年，是一个中西合璧的建筑。上为歇山式屋顶，下为西洋式架构，重檐双层阁楼。上层藏经，下层法堂。二楼有宽敞的天台，三面台廊护围，依栏远眺，巍峨的前三殿尽收眼底。仰首后顾，层峰叠翠，意境深邃。在藏金阁的二楼，首先就会看到一尊玉雕卧佛，是用缅甸白玉雕塑的释迦牟尼的涅磐像，长四尺五寸，神态自若，姿态柔美，实为稀世珍宝。藏金阁内文物众多，反正有很多我不认识的宝物就是了，可以说南普陀寺藏经阁内的无价之宝是不胜枚举。

大凡到南普陀寺参观游览的人，都会要到寺院后山看一看那个镶嵌在一面大石头上的大大的

与南普陀寺相邻的是闽南佛学院，闽南佛学院是是我国佛教高等教育的基地，几乎与南普陀寺齐名，因而很有必要作一介绍。1920_年创办的闽南佛学院，由当时的南普陀寺住持、中国佛教领袖太虚大师担任第一任院长。但由于1937年抗日战争爆发，闽南佛学院停办。但在这20_年中，闽南佛学院毕业了200多人，不少人成为出色的佛教俊才，现在尚健在的当年的学僧，大都成为名山长老或佛学大师。1985年闽南佛学院正式复办，现在闽南佛学院有了很大的发展，现在巳经成为全国僧侣教育的重点学院。闽南佛学院设有男女两部，院内现有男女学僧近300人。在巳毕业的几届本科毕业生中，大多在全国各地的寺院担任主持或执事，有的还到海外的寺院去弘法任职，大大扩大了闽南佛学院的影响。如果大家以后看破红尘什么的可以考虑进去深造下。同学们，你们还在等什么，里面有小沙妮，还有小和尚，有车有房!快来加入闽南佛学院吧。!

西羌九皇山猿王洞景区位于四川省市--县境内，南距成都170公里，北接九寨230公里。成都至九寨的旅游环线穿景区大门而过，是出入九寨的门户，交通便捷。景区拥有猿王洞西羌国际大酒店，猿王洞险山宾馆，松山别墅度假村，全国唯一的具有原滋原味羌族特色的羌寨风情度假别墅群，占地面积180多万平方米的逮猎场，中国最大的两级跳跃式高空滑道，长达1000多米的九黄山观光索道及3000多米长的逮猎场观光索道，天然矿物温泉保健中心等旅游设施设备。

在景区数十平方公里的范围内分布着各具特色的高山溶洞23个，是世界罕见的溶洞群，猿王洞就是其中的一个。地处海拔1250米的高山之上，洞内景观独特集奇、秀、险容为一体。景区二、三级平台地形复杂，气候多样，风景怡人。这里树木茂盛，古藤缠绕，生长着多种珍稀树种和生活着多种珍稀动物。在后山的人文景观羌寨风情园别墅群区，还可以看到宏伟雄壮的天神殿、巍峨耸立的西羌第一碉，精彩刺激的动物表演等等，因负氧离子浓度较大，在这天然的大氧吧里，尽情呼吸新鲜而洁净的空气，荡尽身心的疲倦和烦恼。

高山溶洞

景区溶洞群大多是发育在泥盆系厚层石灰岩中的典型高山溶洞，在不到5平方公里的范围内分布着各具特色的高山溶洞23个，在中国乃至世界上都属罕见。如烟云洞幽邃深广，化石极为丰富;鲢鱼洞与地下暗河相通，有水陆两个出口;林丰洞的洞中瀑布、竖井等各具特色，给人以奇、险、幽的美感享受。已经开发的猿王洞，高悬在数百米的绝壁上，面临连绵群山和深涧峡谷，气势十分雄伟，洞内有世界罕见的钙化五彩池，被人们称之为“地下黄龙”，在海内外已进行旅游开发的溶洞中，几无出其右者，具有不可替代的观赏价值。

情人桥

民间传说，很久很久以前，猿王洞生活着一群猿猴，猿王带领着它们觅食野果、抵御猛兽，晚上就歇息在溶洞中，过着舒心自在的生活。传说天上的仙女也羡慕这里的美景，常在此游玩。猿王爱慕仙女，攀着古藤，荡过深涧，来此等候仙女，后来猿王与仙女终于成为情侣，永结同心。猿王和仙女的纯真爱情终于感动玉皇，把猿王也超度成仙，让他与仙女能天长地久地生活在天堂。后来人们猿王上天的地方建起了飞仙阁，为纪念猿王与仙女的爱情又叫“凤凰亭”，在猿王攀藤荡涧的地方建起了“情人桥”。有诗赞曰：“古藤斜挂牵玉女，飞涧横钩渡玄猿”。

羌山云海、日出

气候资源具有魔幻性。日出、云海是西羌九黄山猿王洞气候资源的优势要素之一。由于是山地，气候立体差异大，尤其是日气候变化大，所以在夏天，云宝顶一带，时而艳阳高照，时而云遮雾绕，刚才还蓝天幽幽，转眼又乌云压顶，瞬息轮变，动感节奏鲜明。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to the great wall of Tangshan. Im your guide.

The Great Wall winds 220 kilometers in Tangshan, with 29 famous passes.With its ups and downs and Pentium, it has gathered the essence of Ming theGreat Wall. Along the Great Wall, the folk customs are ancient and simple, andthere are many anecdotes and legends, which are the best tourism products ofTangshan.

Jiufengshan Great Wall in Zunhua, Panjiakou underwater Great Wall inQianxi, marble Great Wall in Qianan, qingshanguan, xifengkou, lengkouguan,prison building, seventy-two voucher building, shuimen, brick kiln of greatwall, horse breeding circle and so on are all the unique features of the GreatWall, which have produced more and more influence at home and abroad in recentyears. The Great Wall on Jiufeng Mountain is less than one foot high and lessthan three feet wide, because the officials who built the great wall are greedyfor silver and cut corners. It is a typical "tofu dregs Great Wall".

Qingshanguan city is one Zhang and four feet high, and sixteen Zhang andnine feet high on Saturday. It was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.From a distance, it looks exquisite and antique. 72 coupons building is made upof 72 arches, which are very beautiful; the water gate is made of green bricks,which is still intact after hundreds of years of wind, rain and mountaintorrents. Zuosan kiln, known as the Great Wall kiln, is located in dalingzhai,Qianxi. It was discovered in 1985 and got its name because of the inscription"zuosan" on the bricks. In 1993, seven ancient Great Wall brick kilns wereexcavated, which is a complete brick material base along the Great Wall, andsolved the mystery of the origin of the great wall bricks. Qianan marble GreatWall is about 1.5 kilometers long, 10 meters high and 5 meters wide. The base ofthe city and the enemy tower are mostly made of marble, which is very rare inthe Great Wall.

Xifengkou, known as songtingguan in ancient times, is a famous ancientbattlefield in history. When the 29th Route Army resisted the Japanese invasionin China, the Dagao March was a household name, adding infinite charm toXifengkou Great Wall. Along the Great Wall, there are also a series of scenicspots, such as the headquarters of Ji Town, where Qi Jiguang, a national hero,led military affairs and defended the border for 16 years, the originator of theearths rocks identified by UNESCO, the granulite ancient rock of TAIPINGZHAI3.67 billion years ago, and the Paleolithic site of Zhaocun village inQianan.

Well, tourists, Tangshan ancient Great Wall is here for you. Thank you foryour support!

Hangzhou is a beautiful city, is one of the seven ancient capitals in China, is also the capital of zhejiang province, has long been the folk known as "paradise on earth". Hangzhou has a long history, since warlords set qiantang county, has 2200 years of history. Hangzhou is one of the birthplace of Chinese civilization. As early as 4700 years ago, humans thrive here, and generate the liangzhu culture is known as the dawn of civilization.

Hangzhou was the five dynasties and the southern song dynasty two generations of its capital, is one of the seven ancient capitals in China.

Hangzhou called money don. The sui dynasty huang nine years (589) waste county down money, hangzhou, hangzhou in the name of first appeared in history. The southern song dynasty built three years (1129), Gao Zongna crossing to hangzhou, rise to linan hangzhou mansion. Eight years (1138) the southern song dynasty shaoxing formal its capital linan, lasted more than 140 years. The first year of the republic of China (1912) to the original, benevolence and county and hangzhou qiantang county. Sixteen years of the republic of China (1927), precipitation and hangzhou county city of hangzhou, hangzhou city beginning this. On May 3, 1949, hangzhou liberation, from now on developing new history in hangzhou.

Hangzhou uptown and downtown, Jiang Gan, GongShu, west lake, high (binjiang) eight, xiaoshan, yuhang district, building heart, fuyang, linan three county-level cities, tonglu, ChunAn 2 counties. The citys total area of 16596 square kilometers, of which the urban area of 3068 square kilometers. Hangzhou probably around 6.6 million population, is also Chinas population density is one of the big cities, whats more, every day there are thousands of tourists come here to travel.

Because hangzhou has a long history, rich culture and material heritage.

Is one of the earliest origin, hangzhou name by yu ever shed hang on here as a water conservancy, hangzhou is the ark, the meaning of ship, the posterity called hangzhou yu hang then, dont know from when, why, people call yu hangzhou yuhang, so far there are still in hangzhou yuhang this place name, the qing dynasty was one of the biggest grievance "Yang Naiwu and Chinese cabbage" story took place in yuhang.

The tang dynasty and song dynasty famous poet bai juyi poetry su shi, has office in hangzhou, perpetual west lake landscape masterpiece of masterpieces, write down a lot of popular, may today.

Hangzhou development to now such prosperity, the largest contributor of the kingdom of wu yue. Builder - nearby lutetium, his condition was advantagious policy, make Chinas land has a piece of land to recuperate in the war. Kingdom, hangzhou culture construction in the sculpture art achievements, klippe statues is one of the masterpiece.

Northern song dynasty time, already became the first state in the southeast of hangzhou, not to mention the southern song dynasty, the central government in the capital, hangzhou became the largest city in the world at the time, the worlds first metropolis. Song room south crossing, the artists gathered in hangzhou, greatly promoted the prosperity here. In the yuan dynasty, Italian Marco Polo sent a heartfelt sigh, said that hangzhou is "the most beautiful and elegant city in the world", this is the highest praise to the city.

Ming and qing dynasties, hangzhou as the most prosperous city jiangnan, not only celebrities, and special economic boom, as on of the biggest cities in the plain of hangzhou, because the traffic is convenient, the trade is very convenient, one of the most representative character is red top businessman, hu xueyan.

Hangzhou can use four sentences, sixteen words to sum up: a paradise on earth, the silk mansion, tea city, the city of delicacies.

Said that hangzhou is a paradise on earth that can branch half with the false, the ancients cloud: above there is heaven, below there are suzhou and hangzhou. Compared in hangzhou is a paradise on earth, generations of scholars are also to the paradise city left many familiar chapters.

Officials and scholars praise the beauty of hangzhou, the United States in the west lake, the famous tang dynasty poet bai juyi once said: the west lake 36, on the most beautiful in hangzhou. Place called west lake under the sun too much, but not a city are comparable to those obtained with the west lake in hangzhou west lake. So is the heart of hangzhou west lake, from the tang dynasty bai juyi, su dongpo song dynasty, five dynasties money Yang Mengying lutetium, Ming dynasty, new west lake to now, only the beautiful west lake, is the beauty of hangzhou, only there are so many scholars praise poem, there are so many flood of visitors.

When it comes to water in hangzhou, have to say to the beijing-hangzhou grand canal. The beijing-hangzhou grand canal, 1794 km, while the spring and autumn period and the prince was the first to build the Han ditch, but the real digging is emperor yangdi period, all roughly until the yuan dynasty. This article through the Beijing, tianjin, hebei, shandong, jiangsu, zhejiang 4 provinces and two cities of artificial canal, communicate the Yangtze river, Yellow River, haihe river, huaihe river, the qiantang river, the five water system, also for the this city at the end of the grand canal brought infinite prosperity and development.

Hangzhou qiantang river is a main river, originated in huangshan mountain, the thousand island lake xin an river flows all the way to the southeast, due to the qiantang river estuary is a bell mouth, affected by the moon, every lunar calendar is a form of the spectacular qiantang river tide in mid-august.

Have since ancient times, jiangnan silk, suzhou and hangzhou silk is famous around the world, hangzhou outside of mulberry Lin illustrates this point more, in ancient times, silk clothing is noble and representatives of senators today, from the silk dress, silk quilt, to silk umbrella into the folk, for the majority of the people, and all sorts of hangzhou silk products are one of the representative.

Tea are found everywhere in China, but in the green tea, longjing quality, only hangzhou west lake, "tiger springs with longjing tea" that is hangzhous double. , the first top ten green tea, longjing tea is not wave get hollow reputation, west lake longjing tea to green color, fragrant, green, form beauty is famous for its "four unique". Into a flat without tea, smooth and well-balanced, yellowish green; Bubble is in the cup, the buds into a flower, a flag one gun, photograph is unripe brightness, bud bud upright, lifelike; If relapsed, lofty lasting; Looked bright, flavor pleasant delicacy. People kua call it "gold bud", "unique", has become a national senior gift of tea. Of so hangzhou is also known as "tea".

Hangzhou cuisines, the now famous all over the country, many dishes are all familiar: dongpo pork, west lake vinegar fish, song putting fish soup, dry Fried ring, beggars chicken, Fried shrimps with longjing tea, and so on. The building outside the building might be the most familiar restaurant. And every dish has its own a beautiful legend!

Hangzhou many historical figures: the establishment of The Three Kingdoms wu sun quan, the inventor of the movable type printing was used, the MengXi writing, "shen kua, the author of the Ming dynasty gold star Yu Qian resistance, etc., and worked here and one of the most famous is bai juyi, su shi, yue fei, etc., all adds infinite charm for hangzhou landscapes.

Attractions in addition to the west lake in hangzhou, and bamboo diameter, linyin temple, six harmonies pagoda, the cloud nine streams 18 bay, YueMiao, residence of hu xueyan, Wan Song academy, songcheng, etc., many scenic spots. These spots are filled with beautiful legends, and among them the white niang son and her husband, liang shan bo and zhu yingtai, su xiaoxiao and ruanyu, Eva and flower gu story makes hangzhou a love of all. Young lovers at dusk pacing slowly under the west lake, willows, steeped in the legend of the romantic and beautiful scenery, it will be how poetic! If you want to see how these legends real show in front of you, it is recommended that you can go to the songcheng see a good show!

As will be in hangzhou, zhejiang province, rapid economic development, there is little not the contribution of zheshang, wahaha, wanxiang group, juneyao group and so on. Hangzhou is a city of leisure, so has also become a consumer city, tea, bars, dance halls, casinos, restaurants, subway, crowing. The taxi is the best, the taxicabs, from modern to nissan, and even a Mercedes; The buses here is also the most beautiful, jinlong air-condition, Volvo, and antique sightseeing bus. The nightlife here also is very rich, bars, dance halls, clubs, and many are open 24 hours a day. Of course, the house price is very expensive here, to be able to see the west lake a little house of figure, can sell for 25000 yuan/square meters, so the consumption of hangzhou online is in addition to Shanghais most expensive city in eastern China.

Due to the transformation of the city, many figures of the old place already cant see, but hangzhou on protection and development of scenic spots still can. Todays hangzhou is a beautiful and modern city, high-rise buildings, elevated highway and mountains, the city will give you more surprise and sigh!

大家好，我们又见面了，上一次我带你们去的是邙山，这一次我带你们去的是黄山，准备好了么，现在出发吧。

黄山最引人注目的就是奇松和怪石。要是看黄山的云海，印象最深的就是它的洁白。登上莲花峰，第一次看的时候还以为从天空中飘来的云彩，到举目四望时，山腰间一团团，一簇簇的云海，慢慢的升了起来，与四周崇山峻岭的，奇松和怪石合为一体，要是让你游览了绝对回味无穷。

黄山云海为什么会如此洁白呢?有这个原因。是;黄山有非常干净的空气，154平方公里的景区，竹林，树木郁郁葱葱，漫山遍野，整个景区生态的环境都很好。

黄山云海在积善变化，在不同的地方会有不一样的感觉，站在海拔1620米的“排云亭”上看云，云海就似冬天浴室里的水蒸气。微风吹来时，雾就渐渐的移动，从山洞飘向山腰，缓缓地绿树又看不见了，怪石也变得模模糊糊了。

登上“行知亭”边上的“飞来石”往下看云海，那云海就是浓浓的雾一般的感觉。而站在1860米高的“光明顶”看云海，那更叫人捉摸不透了。

这次的黄山旅游还高兴么?下次见!

大家好，老君山旅游风景区位于西岳华山之阳，地处秦岭东南段北端的陕西省洛南县巡检镇，在该地有一历史非常久远的喀斯特地貌溶洞，名曰“老君洞”，是县级重点文物保护单位，洞内溶柱林立，姿态万千，错落有致。

道教文化艺术碑林是老君山旅游开发项目的一个人文景观，将以老子的《道德经》为主线，辅以各界名流和游客的诗词、散文、观感、题词，全面、系统地再现道教文化艺术的博大精深，多角度、全方位地记录道教文化在老君山发扬光大的不朽历程。如果那位来宾有兴趣，我们可以给您免费提供一块碑位，永久留下您的人生足迹。大家现在看到的是我县原人大常委会主任闫光臣先生游老君山的观感诗。

老君山和太上老君联系在一起，就有了十分丰富的文化内涵，太上老君的学名叫“老子”，他的著述叫《道德经》，是道教始祖和中国的哲学之父。

黑格尔把老子的思想和欧洲人的老祖宗的哲学相比，认为有着重要的共同之处，“有点像我们在西方哲学开始时那样的情形”。黑格尔尊崇老子哲学，把它同希腊哲学一样看成人类哲学的源头。黑格尔是十九世纪德国古典哲学的最伟大的代表，他的宏大的思辨哲学体系的建构终结传统的古典哲学。马克思主义哲学就是在批判和继承黑格尔和费尔巴哈的哲学中诞生的。

老子说：“治大国，若烹小鲜。”(第60章)这就是说，治理一个大国就像煎一条小鱼，要慢慢地将它煎熟，要自然而然，不要多翻动，否则就使鱼破碎得不成样子了。美国前总统里根很欣赏老子的这一智慧，深知其三味，他在1987年国情咨文中引用了老子的这句话，用这一理念来指导其经济政策,引起强烈反响，《老子》一书畅销美国，一时“纽约纸贵”。

现在，我们可以看出老子的这一团紫气，是飘到哪里就给哪里带来祥瑞，带来智慧的，这一团紫气不仅在中国飘了几千年，又飘出了国门，给世界带去了智慧的芳香。

hello everyone! Welcome to Wuyishan. Im your little guide. You can call meXiao Zheng. Today, I will take you to visit Wuyi Mountain.

Now we come to Sangu Town, the starting point of Wuyishan Scenic spot. Youcan see the three rocks on the opposite mountain. They are like three girlsstanding quietly, so they are called Sangu town. Because there is such amagnificent rock standing on the top of the mountain, it is called Dawang peak.It is the first of the thirty-six peaks of Wuyi Mountain. We park there for 20minutes, and you can get off to visit and take photos.

Lets get in the car. Lets sit down. Next, we go to Jiuqu River rafting toappreciate the charm of Wuyi Mountain.

Jiuqu stream is the core scenic spot of Wuyi Mountain, with Shili stream,Jiuqu River Bend and the famous jade girl peak by the river. Please put on yourlife jackets, sit on the bamboo rafts, follow the instructions of the raftersalong the way, do not stand up at will, pay attention to safety, and ensure thatthere is no accident.

This place is called star village, which is the starting point of ourdrifting. The rafting will take about an hour. The Jiuqu River is ten milesaway. The water is clear, the pool is deep, the beach is fast, and there aremany bays. In the water, there are many beautiful army fish; on both sides,there are many strange peaks and rocks; looking up, there are ancient hangingcoffins on the cliff. On the raft, you can listen to the rafters talk about thescenery and legends on both sides of the Strait. Ill wait for you at therafting Wharf under the jade girl peak. I wish you a good taste of Jiuqurafting.

hello everyone! Just now, you must have seen that there is a mountain peakon the left, which is made up of a whole rock. The flat rocks incline to thebottom one by one. The raft Union told you that it is called shaibuyan. We aregoing to visit Tianyou peak next to it now.

The terrain of Tianyou peak is high, and there are often clouds. Themountain road is steep and rugged, the stream is deep and the rock is dangerous.Only by carefully following the stone steps and climbing the iron chain canpeople reach the top of the mountain. Standing at the top of the peak, the JiuquRiver twists and turns from its feet. Cool wind, white clouds near; clear water,green mountains, in front of you, at this time, people really have the feelingof touring the sky, the upper reaches of the sky. Tianyou peak at the foot ofthe cloud nest, tea hole and other attractions. Yunwo is a deep narrow valleysurrounded by cliffs. People in a valley, such as at the bottom of a well, aresurrounded by streams and clear springs; there are caves and ravines in themountains, where clouds grow and fog gather, so people call it cloud nest. Deepin the valley, there are tea trees, green bamboos, caves on the stone wall, andclear water in the mountain stream. Its a famous tea Cave Scenic Spot, and itsalso the place where fairy lives in legend. You have to go in and have a goodlook.

On the left side of Tianyou peak is Taoyuan Cave Scenic Area, where thereare Laozis big stone statue, Shoutao stone and Sanqing temple. You can go downthere from the top of Tianyou peak and come out along the valley to Jiuqu River.Ill wait for you there first. On the road, we must pay attention to the foot,safety first! In two hours, we have to gather by the stream. OK, lets go to thesky now.

Thank you for being there on time. I would like to tell you that Mr. Zhu Xiof the Song Dynasty lived for more than 40 years at the foot of Tianyou peak andJielu by Jiuqu stream, making Wuyishan the cultural center of the whole countryat that time. Now his memorial is built there. Lets go and have a look.

Well, todays journey is coming to an end. I hope you will have a good resttonight. If you have time, you can go to Sangu town and buy some localspecialties like tea, root carving, oranges and so on. Tomorrow well go to thefamous rock tea Dahongpao tea tree, yixiantian, shuijiandong and otherplaces.

Thank you very much! See you tomorrow.

李鸿章(1823—1901)，又名章铜，字子黻，又字渐甫，号少荃，又号仪斋，晚年自号仪叟。磨店乡群治村人。李鸿章祖上原姓许，因舅家李姓无嗣，李鸿章八世祖迎溪遂兼祧许、李二姓。

李鸿章少年顽皮，喜养雀，稍长颖悟过人。六岁始师堂兄李少岚就读，后从当地名儒周先生攻读四书五经;十_岁便成了府学廪生。道光甲辰(1844年)开科，鸿章参加顺天乡试，中第84名举人;道光乙巳年(1845)至京，其父把他举荐给曾国藩，曾见其英俊聪慧，能倒背《春秋》，大爱之，授以义理经世之举;道光丁未年(1847)会试，鸿章应试中第25名进士，殿试二甲，朝考一等，授翰林院庶士，时与郭嵩涛、沈葆祯、李宗羲被称为“丁未四君子”。

在上海初步站稳脚跟后，李鸿章开始从“察吏、整军、筹饷、辑夷各事”入手，以进一步巩固自己的地位。

在人事上，他罢免了以吴、杨坊为代表的一批媚外过甚的买办官吏，改为起用郭嵩焘、丁日昌等一批务实肯干的洋务派官员，同时建立了不同于湘军幕府，以务实干练、通晓洋务为基准的淮军幕府。

李鸿章在军制上，他从实战中领略到西洋军械的威力，从而产生“虚心忍辱，学得洋人一二秘法”的想法。淮军到沪未及一年，“尽改(湘军)旧制，更仿夷军”，转变成了装备洋枪洋炮，并雇请外国教练训练的新式军队，大大提高了战斗力;同时，李鸿章还采用一系列招降纳叛，兼收并蓄的措施，扩充实力，不到半年内，淮军就迅速扩军至50个营头，约2万人，此后更进一步急剧膨胀，至攻打天京前夕，淮军总兵力已达7万余人。

在军费上，李鸿章采用“关厘分途，以厘济饷”的政策，以关税支付常胜军、中外合防局及镇江防军的军需，而以厘金协济淮军，随着军事进展和湘淮军力的壮大，厘卡也层层添设，从而确保了饷源。

在对外关系上，李鸿章利用洋人赫德和士绅潘曾玮当说客，巧妙地平息了因苏州杀降而引起的戈登率常胜军闹事事件，并最终巧妙地解散了常胜军，初步显露出他的外交手腕。

朋友们,大家好!

泰山位于我省不远的山东省，海拔1545米。曾有诗人杜甫登之远望，并作“望岳”一诗。更有千古留名者饱览过泰山的美景，正有杜甫所说“造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓”的奇观。

站在泰山脚下，仰望泰山，很矮的一座破山嘛!怎么可能“造化钟神秀”?又怎么可能像导游所说的“要爬好几个小时”?简直就是吹嘘嘛!

这样正想着，导游便带着我们去登泰山。

眼前有一条小路，我顺着它跑过去，就置身于泰山之中了。一路上，兴奋过度的我一直跑着上山。石阶两旁的巨石、花草显得颇有精神，大概是欢迎我们这些远客吧!每一块巨石上都刻着各种名句，还有毛泽东的“数风流人物，还看今朝”呢!听导游说泰山中的水十分珍贵，也难怪，溪水并没有乱淌，而是流进一个个小池中。

人人都说十八盘陡，可我并不这么认为。台阶虽陡了些，可我走的还是一级的快!半路上，突然下起了小雨，雨中登泰山，好玩!看见同伴们挤成一团，都在抢购雨衣，我和妈妈也挤进去买了两个(其实就是标准的塑料布啦)。没等我穿上雨衣，雨又停了下来，我也赶忙脱下。不一会儿，到了中天门，路程也走了一半了。中天门好像是一个大平台，四围都有庙，中间有个大炉子，极像太上老君的八卦炉，炉中插满了香，袅袅的青烟缓缓升起……

下一个目标是南天门。路上的人多之甚多，差点儿要把人挤下去。就在这时，小雨又下了起来，我一边埋怨老天爷吃错药了发神经，一边不情愿的再次穿上雨衣。经过1个多小时的跋涉，“南天门”三个大字终于呈现在我眼前，那是个拱形的石门，从前到后只有不到8米长，南天门后方分别有三座庙，还有一条幽幽小径通往神圣的玉皇顶。山上慢慢变冷了，雾也开始变大。向下望，朦胧中看到登山者在奋力攀登。

下一站就是玉皇顶了。那条通往顶峰的路很平坦，一般是三、四个台阶一个平台。走起来轻松极了，越往上，雾越大，越神秘。

走了大约有十几分钟，前面没有台阶了，眼前又出现同样的景象：几座红色的庙，一个“八卦炉”。“到玉皇顶了!”我大叫。抬头看天，我看不见，只见得云雾在头顶飘荡，站在顶峰，觉得风很大。神仙就住在上面么?我已逝去的亲人是不是就在上面笑咪咪地望着我? 在山顶停留了半个多小时，我们准备下山了。刚下一个台阶，我便觉得腿酸痛难耐，我只好一瘸一拐难堪下山。

下了山，站在山脚下，再一次瞻仰那雄伟的泰山，觉得，很自豪。

今天我带大家游览阳春凌霄岩。凌霄岩位于阳春市西北部的河土朗镇罗阳峰林之中，有"南国第一洞府"之称，是国家级地质公园，也是省级的风景名胜区和省级旅游度假区。凌霄岩是以格斯特岩溶地貌为特征，自然山水溶洞为主的风景名胜区，岩洞分3层，可游览的的面积有三万平方米，气势磅礴，雄伟壮观。四大奇景"吉星高照""一线天""水底映月""水滴明珠"世间罕见。

凌霄岩于1979年正式对外开放，但在此之前，其已远近闻名，不少文人墨客也来此游览。1945年，原国民大学校长吴鼎新到此游览，因见"气宇宏敞，胜景天开",便欣然题下"凌霄志汉",从此，这个岩洞就叫做凌霄岩，凌霄岩首层的"志汉大厅"也因为此而得名。在1984年和1987年，当时的广东省省长梁灵光和叶选平先后到此地视察。并且留下了宝贵的墨迹。

凌霄岩是如何形成的呢?这里在2.8亿年前是一片汪洋大海，当时海底中沉淀了3000米厚以石灰岩为主的碳酸盐类岩层。在7000万年前，这里发生大的地壳运动，也称为造山运动。就是海洋变成陆地，石灰岩在上升为陆地的过程中产生了许多皱褶和断层在地表水或地下水的强烈冲刷下便形成了岩洞和周边的石山，这种地貌叫岩溶地貌，也叫格斯特地形。岩洞形成后，石灰石(碳酸钙)在水和二氧化碳的作用下生成一种可溶性碳酸氢钙，即岩溶水，但是岩洞里的岩溶水很多。岩溶水受热后，二氧化碳挥发了，又形成新的石灰石(碳酸钙)，在这些新的石灰石日积月累便形成了洞内千姿百态的钟乳石、石笋、石柱和各种景物。

【百步云梯】

个位游客，这是百步云梯。"凌霄志汉上凌霄，人间九天尽逍遥".现在我们已经征服了百步云梯的一半，请在此欣赏"南国第一洞"第一层的雄姿。志汉大厅长有105米，宽有35米，高有60米。还有一条弯弯曲曲的小河穿过岩洞，可谓"岩看千曲水，洞藏九重天".

【凌霄宝殿】

"直上凌霄气势宏，迎门喜见寿星公。"大家请看，刚进凌霄宝殿，寿星公就满脸笑容的欢迎我们的到来。他祝福我们福如东海，寿比南山。左边有一个宝座，上面有玉皇大帝的罗伞，我们可以趁玉皇大帝不在的时候坐一会他的宝座。

各位游客，请看左上角，这里有群狮子在欢迎我们，有一只还特别高兴，张开嘴，翘起尾巴，还有一只走到我们旁边，这叫"瑞狮起舞".请往后面看，这里有一个仙女刚起床，在一面青铜大镜前梳妆打扮，"美人照镜，越照越靓".我们离青铜大镜较远，但是可以到上面以水为镜。这里的倒影，看似万丈深渊，殿内的景物在池水中相交辉映，美轮美奂。看右边，一朵朵巨大的灵芝环柱而生，形成灵芝山。各位，《白蛇传》中白娘子用来就许仙的灵芝是不是从这里摘的呢?我们问问守护灵芝山的两位仙童就知道了。

请看下面，这只万年龟，已有一万岁。在石柱上，有一个酒杯，已经放了很长时间，是谁忘记拿了呢?我们一边游览一边寻找他的主人。在旁边有一条青龙，正努力的爬上灵霄殿，由于这条青龙未修成正果，在过龙门的时候龙鳞脱落了，变成斑龙。在左边，这里有还有几条灵芝柱。看前面，有一个身披袈裟的和尚日日夜夜的往东方朝拜。称为"和尚拜东门",但因为和尚拜错了方向，至今仍未成佛。各位提醒他吧，想要成佛需往西方朝拜。

各位，前面有一位仙女在等待着我们，她在倚栏沉思，称为"仙女思凡".仙女也思恋凡间，她是谁呢?"嫦娥应悔头灵药，碧海青天夜夜心",她是嫦娥。嫦娥当初在凡间的时候，生活非常苦闷，后来她偷吃了丈夫后羿的仙丹升天。现在，凡间都过上了小康生活，丰衣足食，她倒是想念凡间了。"正是仙路已尽头，谁引凡间去".

【观景琼台】

现在，我们已进入了凌霄岩的第三层观景台，顾名思义，这里将会有很多美景等待着我们去观赏。 看后面，这里是梨园阁。晚上，这里热闹非凡，凌霄洞府的神仙都在这里唱歌跳舞。左下方有"天姬送子".看下面，可观赏到雄伟壮观、瑰丽神奇的凌霄宝殿全景，一条擎天巨柱、一簇玉树琼花。看前面，有一个炯炯有神的黑色神猫镇守整个宝殿，称为"神猫守殿".相传，在很久很久以前，这里有很多老鼠，真是"叫鼠连天",后来玉皇大帝派来一只神猫，从此这里的老鼠就销声匿迹了。

俗语说"八仙过海，各显神通".但前面数来数去只有曹国舅、韩湘子、张国老、蓝采和、铁拐李和汉钟离六位仙人，还差两位去哪里了呢?原来何仙姑在这边睡觉，吕洞宾因喝得太多在下面迷迷糊糊，连刚才我们看到的忘记拿了。是谁把吕洞宾灌醉?过一会儿我们就明白了。

各位都知道，每年的七月初七是牛郎织女相会的日子。这是银河，因为今天不是七月初七，牛郎织女只能隔河相望，织女若有所思，而对岸是我牛郎背着一个孩子，手里还抱着一个呢!

这里有一只大的公鸡，头向东方，伸直脖子，发出清脆的啼声，称为"雄鸡报晓"."雄鸡一唱天下白",然而在旁边，却有一颗闪闪发亮的星星正照着我们，真是"吉星高照".观赏"吉星高照"要站在最佳的位置，请你们都来观赏吉星吧，它一定会给我们带来好运。

各位请继续向前，抬头看，可见一条名副其实的日光灯管。它在白天才可发光，才可看到，但是在晚上既是接上电源也是黑漆漆的，正是"一线天开见九重",这是凌霄岩的第二奇景"一线天".传说，这是孙悟空的杰作，它在大闹天宫的时用它的金箍棒打出来的，确实，它很像金箍棒的样子，而且孙悟空至今还在下面得意洋洋的欣赏着他当年的杰作呢。这是孙悟空，我们和他交个朋友吧，摸摸猴子的头，一生无忧愁。

这是"凌霄三黄鸡",是凌霄名菜之一，还有凌霄猪手、凌霄白雪、紫苏田螺、春砂排骨等名菜，色香味俱全，很有特色，在凌霄餐厅便可品尝。

各位请看，前面有福、寿、禄三位仙人向我们敬酒，称为"三仙敬酒".他们祝愿我们一生福寿禄齐全。吕洞宾正因为贪杯而醉成那个样子。

前面有"凌霄瀑布",虽然没有"飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河四九天"的气势，但是也惟妙惟肖。 在凌霄岩洞府，还有很多金银珠宝，上面有"金山银山".旁边有一个财神爷正在看守，以前有一个小偷在这里偷了金银珠宝，后来被财神爷捉着，财神爷斩了他一个手指头放在这里，告诫后人："君子爱财，取之有道。"

【凌霄极顶】

在这里，我们可以观赏到凌霄宝殿和观景台的全景，正是"凌霄漫步似千层迷幻，江山锦绣在此阳春". 在前面上方，有一个"仙女舞台",在晚上，王母娘娘请刘三姐在此做山歌表演。各位今天晚上可以在优雅舒适的凌霄山庄住宿，在这里观赏刘三姐的山歌表演。如果各位愿意我也在这里唱一段刘三姐的山歌。

各位游客，中国是礼仪之邦，在凌霄岩我们也要讲究礼仪，这是礼貌门，请各位先鞠躬在过去，这是清风洞，清风阵阵，凉而不冷，使人有疲劳顿消的感觉，真是大自然的巧妙安排。

这里有一张渔网，渔网上面有很多灰尘，渔翁已不在三天打鱼两天晒网了。他去了哪里呢?原来他听说玉溪三洞哪里有很多鲤鱼，所以跑去那里钓鲤鱼了，如果你们到玉溪三洞里面去游览，就能看到渔翁钓鱼的憨态了。

下面是岩底河，可坐船游览。

各位请往前面看，有一个猴子正倒挂双腿，伸手正在拼命的捞着什么，在捞月亮吧，但是什么都没有捞到。 各位游客，请跟着我走，很快我们可以看到凌霄岩的第三奇景"水底印月".请看，下面有关人员的考究，这主要是外面的自然光经过水折射形成的，但是为什么会形成一轮弯弯的明月呢?至今还是一个谜。

【丽城碧水】

这是"丽城碧水".由一条条弯曲的石坎逶迤圈着一盆盆清澈的岩溶水而成。为什么会形成这些石坎呢?主要是这些岩溶水含有大量的碳酸氢钙，留到这里遇到障碍物便停滞不前。致使岩溶水析出石灰石沉积凝结，越积越高，形成石坎。到一定高度岩溶水漫过石坎继续往下流，但是又遇到新的障碍物，岩溶水析的石灰石又沉积凝结，又形成新的石坎，这样就形成了丽池碧水。在右边，有万里长城的缩影。

各位游客，俗话说"水滴石穿",而这里却水滴成珠，这也算神奇吧。下面有一颗闪闪发亮、晶莹剔透的明珠，这是凌霄岩的第四奇景"滴水明珠".

【银河飘渡】

右边是银河飘渡，全程500米，里面有"倒挂莲花""千层石""佛手""群龙戏水"等美景，欢迎各位坐船游览。

各位游客，凌霄岩游览到此告一段落，谢谢大家!

各位游客，大家好!我是你们这次游颐和园的导游，我叫覃雯钰，在这次颐和园过程中，大家有事可以找我商量。下面我给大家讲一讲颐和园的美景。

请大家跟我来。现在我们来到有名的长廊，绿漆的柱子，红色的栏杆，一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七百多米长，分成二百七十三间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画，画有人物、花草、树木、风景，几千幅画没有那俩幅是相同的。长廊两边栽满了花木;这种花还没谢，这种花又开了。

现在我们来到万寿山的脚下。抬头一望，一座八角楼建筑在半山腰，黄色的疏璃瓦闪闪发光。

请大家跟我爬上万寿山吧!登上万寿山，站在佛香阁的前面向下望。正前面，昆明湖静得像一面镜子，绿得像一面碧玉。游船、织舫在湖面慢慢地划过，几乎不留一点痕迹。向东远眺，隐隐约约可以望见远处的几座古老的城楼和城塔。

好，现在我们到昆明湖，大家走过长长的石桥，就可以去岛上玩，这座石桥有十七个孔，叫做石七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱，柱子都雕刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子，姿态不一，没有哪两只相同的。

自由活动的时间到了，现在大家可以去细细观赏了，两个钟头后在大门集合。

西递宏村位于黟县城西北角，距屯溪65公里，距黟县县城11公里。该村始建于北宋，距今已近千年历史，原为汪姓聚居之地。古宏村人独出机抒开"仿生学"之先河，规划并建造了堪称"中华一绝"的牛形村落和人工水系，统看全村，就象一只昂首奋蹄的大水牛，成为当今"建筑史上一大奇观"。全村现保存完好的明清古民居有140余幢。民间故宫"承志堂"富丽堂皇，可谓皖南古民居之最。村内鳞次栉比的层楼叠院与旖旎的湖光山色交相辉映，动静相宜，空灵蕴藉，处处是景，步步入画。从村外自然环境到村内的水系、街道、建筑，甚至室内布置都完整地保存着古村落的原始状态，没有丝毫现代文明的迹象。造型独特并拥有绝妙田园风光的宏村被誉为"中国画里乡村"。

宏村村中数百幢古民居鳞次栉比，其间以“承志堂”最为杰出，它是清代盐商营造，占地二千多平方米，为砖木结构楼房。此房气势恢宏，工艺精细，其正厅横梁、斗拱、花门、窗棂上的木刻，层次繁复、人物众多，人不同面，面不同神，堪称徽派“三雕”艺术中的木雕精品。据史料记载，“承志堂”是黟县境内保护最完美的古民居，到此参观的国内外游客，无不为之倾倒。

宏村水系是依牛的形象设计，引清泉为“牛肠”，从一家一户门前流过，使得村民“浣汲未妨溪路远，家家门巷有清渠”。“牛肠”在流入村中被称为“牛胃”的月塘后，经过过滤，复又绕屋穿户，流向村外被称作是“牛肚”的南湖。再次过滤流入河床，如此水系，堪称中国古代村落建筑艺术之一绝，它吸引了日本、美国、西德等国内外专家接踵而来精心研究。

今天的第一站我们先参观位于西安东部浐河沿岸的半坡，这里有一座大型的考古发掘遗址——半坡新石器时代古文化遗址。

很快就到了目的地。进入大门，我首先看到的是一个荷花池。荷花池里有一座雕像，是一个妇女拿着一只瓶子正在舀水。她手里拿着的瓶子可不是现在咱们平常用的瓶子，那是只尖底瓶。尖底瓶瓶头很小，两边有两个把儿能穿线，底也很尖，所以称之为“尖底瓶”。尖底瓶不但容易打水，而且水不容易溢出，所以这个尖底瓶的制作非常令我们现代人惊讶，谁都不会想到古人竟然有那么大的智慧。再看一下那拿着尖底瓶的是一位妇女，说明那时是母系社会，妇女地位非常重要。

继续往前走，我们进入了进入发掘遗址现场，远远就看到大门的上端“半坡遗趾”四个字，感觉到有些不对劲，“趾”偏旁不是土，而是足，为什么呢?写错了吗?后来经导游介绍才知道，原来不是写错了，而是表示这是古人在这留下了足迹的意思。

步入这座建于考古发掘遗址，好似穿过奇妙的时光隧道，回到了距今6000多年以前，我们可以近距离、直观地一窥史前时代先人们的生活。往里面看，当时那些房子已经不见了，只留下一些地基。房子分为三类：一类是小圆形的，一类是小方形的，还有一类是大圆形的。大圆形的房子一般是用竹竿和草编织而成的，有点像洞穴，这是穴居人从洞穴逐渐进化成房子的一种过渡。在小方形房子里，还有门槛，那是为了防止动物进家来偷食东西而建造的。

我还看到一个瓶罐，瓶罐上有盖子，盖子上穿着一个洞，这不是用来保存食物的，也不是用来盛水的。而这是他们的孩子在不幸夭折后，母亲对孩子的二次埋葬，那么二次埋葬是什么呢?就是把孩子放置在空气中一段时间，等皮肉腐烂，留下骨头摆整齐，塞进罐子里。那上面的盖子为什么留一个孔呢?据说是让孩子的灵魂升上天堂，所以这个孔叫做出魂孔。这个瓶子也是尖底瓶，尖底瓶既可用来装水，也可以用来埋葬孩子的尸骨。在门槛的后面，看到了一个锅灶，它只有边框，说明那时候人们能用火来取暖了。再往前走，有一个墓葬，这是两人合葬。你肯定会猜想是夫妻合葬，不过那时候是不会有夫妻合葬的，因为那时妇女的地位更优先些，孩子只知其母，不知其父。由于男女地位不一样，埋葬就自然不能再一起了。一般都是姐妹、兄弟一起合葬。我再往中间看，有许多尖底瓶摆放在一起，那就是早夭孩子们的尸骨。那为什么母亲要这样做呢?因为为了代表母亲对孩子的思念之情，想孩子永远陪伴在身边，她就把孩子放进瓶子里，每天都去看一下。再往前走一走，这是一个非常特殊的墓葬，墓主人是一位族长的小女儿，她非常小，不幸夭折了就葬在这里。在出土墓葬时，发现了一些玉坠、玉镯等非常珍贵的陪葬品，说明这个小女孩的地位非常高。再往前走，我来到了一个展厅，展示了墓葬中的骨头。我看到了一副骨架，她的手是弯曲的，脚也是弯曲的，好像是被捆绑着，这说明她可能触犯了族里的规矩，从而被捆绑活埋了。我往旁边看，看到一位女性的尸骨，她的膝盖上有几件随葬品。在新石器时期，母系都有六至七件随葬品，而男性只有三至四件随葬品。

半坡遗趾向世人展示了古代妇女地位的重要性。

从玉龙雪山下来后，我们又马不停蹄地赶回大理。

记得在云南的第一天我们就在大理，只是我们还没有在大理游览它的自然风光。我们到达大理的时候也在六点多，天还是那么蓝，根本没有要黑的意愿。这次我们来到大理，为的只有一个——大理古城。

大理古城里面都是土生土长的白族人，不像大研古城的纳西族人把店铺都租给了外地人。虽说如此，但白族人的算盘却打得更精。在大理购物要比在大研古城危险，因为白族人做生意十分狡猾，他们甚至会拿垃圾废物做为原料生产。

大理古城与大研古城不同的地方有很多，其中再明显不过的一个是道路，一个是城墙。大研古城是没有城墙的，它的道路五花八门，很容易迷路，必须记得“顺水进城，逆水出城”，“每一条道路都通向四方街”才能很轻松地出入。而大理古城的道路都是笔直的，从哪里来就从哪里去，十分简单。

来到大理古城，最著名的莫过于洋人街了。在一条街上，全都是外国人开的店铺。有卖华夫饼的，有吃西餐的……样样俱全，应有尽有，只可惜我们吃了晚饭，所以没有大饱口福。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to Lingshan, Tangshan. Im your guide.

Lingshan tourist area is located in the hinterland of Beijing, Tianjin andQin Dynasty. It is located in Caiyuan Town, Qianan City, Hebei Province. It isone of the eight scenic spots in Tangshan. Lingshan is famous for its beautifulmountains, secluded scenery, strange peaks, strange stones and water.

This magical scenic spot contains rich myths and historical legends. It issaid that Lingshan is the place where Nvwas mother made up the stone of heaven.In the past, Gonggongs head touched the mountain of Buzhou, the pillars ofheaven were broken, the earth was vast, the sky tilted to the northwest, and theearth sank to the southeast. In order to save the world. In this area, 36501pieces of wucaishi were used to fill the sky. When mending the sky, its handshadow turns into five peaks, so Lingshan is also called Wufeng mountain.

After mending heaven, some waste rocks and water wells for mending heavenwere abandoned at the foot of Lingshan mountain. Nature has created four uniquesceneries, six landscapes and wonders, which are really various, ingenious,lifelike and interesting.

It is said that if you touch a longevity stone, you will live longer; ifyou touch a hidden gem, you will attract wealth; if you strike a harmoniousstone, you will be harmonious; if you step on a wisdom stone, you will be happy.From then on, the well was not filled with water and dried up in winter andsummer, while the middle well was less than two feet deep and less than threefeet in diameter. It did not dry up for a long time and did not overflow withrain. It was warm in winter and cool in summer, just like Qiongjiang Yuye. Oftendrink this water, good for health, for Lingshan a great impasse, so Wufengmountain also known as Lingshan. The lotus pond is nine steps away from thewell, where all the water from the well is gathered. The lotus in the pool ismoistened by fairy water, graceful and refined. It is proud of others, just likea gentleman.

It is said that Duke Huan of Qi, who was a soldier of Guzhu, mistakenlylost himself in the ancient times. Fortunately, he led to the dry sea andstationed at the foot of Lingshan. In memory of the old horse who knew his way,he named the Fangdi as maguanying, and planted three white fruit trees, one ofwhich still exists. Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall, whip mountain to thenorth, the mountains are northbound trend, Lingshan face south, become one ofLingshan scenic spots. Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty, visitedthis place during his expedition to the Liao Dynasty. He saw the wonderfulscenery of Lingshan spring. He built the Baita temple and built it into atemple, which was worshipped at four seasons. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynastyvisited Lingshan in the north and inscribed a plaque with the title of"beautiful Lingshan" to show the world. He called the scenery of Lingshan thecrown of Jingdong scenery.

Lingshan is famous for its beautiful scenery, strange peaks and rocks, andthe spirit of spring and water. It is said that those who live in Lingshan willlive longer. There are six monks in Baita Temple who are less than 90 years old,and the elders are more than 100 years old. It is said that the White Snake andthe green snake were trained to be immortals in this mountain and went to meetXu immortals. Because of the flood, the White Snake was put under the LeifengTower. Green snake had no choice but to dive back to Lingshan and continue topractice. In order to test her skill, she used her sword to chop a huge stone,which still exists today. Green snake gongman went to Hangzhou again, knockeddown Leifeng Pagoda and rescued white snake. The original white pagoda templededicated to the snake fairy hall. The cave where snake immortals practice andlive is still in existence, which has become one of the wonders of Lingshan.

Lingshan is actually a famous scenic spot in the north, with scenery stepby step and wonders everywhere. Although tourists were once left out in the coldbecause of the wars in the past dynasties, the five finger peaks stand in thesouth, the strange rocks stand as before, the search for abandoned rocks isstill firm, and the sound of Xianquan waterfall is still the same. The scenicspots of Dishui Guanyin cave are various. The scenic spots of Dishui Guanyincave are very dangerous. The winding path back to the Dragon Cave is wonderful.The flying stones are mysterious. The fairy ribbon shows the wonders of theworld.

Well, tourists, Lingshan is here to explain. Thank you for yoursupport!